This work is about navigation safety of marine traffic at sea areas. In addition to traditional approach of danger situation detection based on vessels approaching, the current paper introduces another metrics derived from kinematic parameters of the vessel to identify whether it follows patterns (rules) of the traffic at a certain sea area. Authors focused their efforts on analyzing existing traffic schemas in order to identify its danger level in general rather than scrutinizing individual cases. Along with the traditional approach of sea traffic schema identifications, we propose an original method of automated identification of sea traffic schemes based on clustering of movement parameters using historical AIS data. For the clustering decomposition subtraction clustering algorithms were considered. The historical AIS data of sea traffic at Tsugaru strait is used for identifying traffic schema and ship routes planning with the model designed under presented research.
Работа посвящена проблеме обеспечения навигационной безопасности движения на морских акваториях. Рассматривается задача планирования маршрута перехода с учетом информации о характерных параметрах движения (траекториях) судов на выбранной морской акватории. Разработан способ решения задачи, основанный на поиске кратчайшего пути на взвешенном графе. Вес рёбер графа задаётся по результатам кластеризации ретроспективных данных о движении. Это даёт возможность задавать маршруты судов согласно схеме движения в акватории. Представлены результаты расчётов на реальных данных о движении судов в Сангарском проливе.
The article is devoted to the problem of ensuring the safety of vessel traffic. One of the elements of the traffic organization in areas with heavy navigation is the system of establishing the routes of vessels. This system is a set of restrictions imposed by a certain traffic pattern and rules adopted in a particular water area. The paper considers the problem of planning a transition route for water areas with heavy marine traffic. The planning of the vessels transition route during the movement of the water area with established routes must be carried out taking into account the specified restrictions. A possible way to identify these restrictions is to isolate the movement patterns of a particular sea area from the retrospective information about its traffic. Model representations of such a problem can be formulated on the basis of the idea of clustering the parameters of traffic. The route planning problem model is based on finding the shortest path on a weighted graph. Several ways of constructing such a graph are proposed: a regular grid of vertices and edges; a layered ore random grid of vertices and edges; vertices and edges based on retrospective data. The weight of the edges is proposed to be set as a function of the “desirability” of a particular course of the vessel for each point of the water area, taking into account the identified movement patterns. The paper discusses possible clustering methods and makes a choice in favor of subtractive clustering.
This paper is about maritime safety. The system of vessel traffic schemas is one of the key elements of sea traffic control at the arias with heavy traffic. Such system based on a set of rules and guidelines defined by traffic schemas for certain water areas. From the classic approach, vessels that are not following the guidelines do not necessarily create alarming situations at the moment, however, could lead to complex danger navigation situations with the time passed. The problem of ship route planning through the area with highly intensive traffic is considered in this paper. The importance of the problem becomes more significant these days when taking in account development of self-navigating autonomous vessels. It is expected to respect area navigation limitations while planning vessel path through the areas with identified traffic schema. One of the ways to identify navigation limitations could be trajectory pattern recognition at certain sea areas based on retrospective traffic analysis. Model representation for such task could be based on vessel moving parameters clustering. The presented model is based on solving the shortest path problem on weighted graph. There are several ways to create such weighted graphs are suggested in the paper: regular grid of vertices and edges, layer grid of vertices and edges, random grid of vertices and edges, vertices and edges identified based on retrospective data. All edges are defined as a weighted function of "desirability" of one or another vessel course for each location of sea area with consideration of identified trajectory patterns. For that the area is divided into sub areas where courses and velocity clustering is evaluated. Possible ways of clustering are discussed in the paper and the choice made in favor of subtractive clustering that does not require predefining of cluster count. Automatic Identification Systems (AIS) could be used as data source for the traffic at certain sea areas. The possibility of using AIS data available on specialized public Internet resources is shown in the paper. Although such data typically has low density, they still could well represent vessel traffic features at the certain sea area. In this paper are presenting samples of route panning for Tsugaru Straight ang Tokyo Bay.
Работа посвящена проблеме обеспечения навигационной безопасности движения на морских акваториях. Рассматривается задача планирования схем движения судов, обеспечивающих минимизацию количества опасных сближений, обсуждаются ее возможные модельные представления. Отмечается, что непосредственное решение задачи путём имитационного моделирования характеризуется высокой вычислительной сложностью; это затрудняет нахождение схемы движения для реальных акваторий. Предлагается альтернативный подход, основанный на представлении схемы движения множеством типичных структурных элементов - примитивов. Приводятся примеры расчетов количества опасных сближений для таких примитивов, даются рекомендации по планированию схем безопасного движения судов.
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