The paper substantiates the idea that while performing law enforcement functions correctional institutions face the risks of illegal behavior on the part of those individuals who do not want to embark on the path of reformation. The most effective response to the facts of criminal acts committed by convicts is associated with the implementation of the principle of the inevitability of criminal punishment for such behavior. The speed of such a response is of paramount importance and depends on corrections officers themselves. The response can be effective only if officers of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia (FSIN Russia) use the full range of procedural and criminalistic tools at their disposal. Based on the analysis of the criminal procedure status of institutions, bodies and officials of FSIN Russia and the content of their functional responsibilities, we make an attempt to find out whether corrections officers need criminalistic knowledge. We identify the main areas in which corrections officers demand criminalistic knowledge. These include: law enforcement (for direct use in the implementation of criminal procedure powers, as well as for indirect use in the implementation of their main activities aimed at the execution of criminal penalties), education (for training personnel for penal institutions and bodies), and research (for further elaboration on the issues related to the investigation of prison offences).
В ноябре 2022 года в Академии ФСИН России состоялась Международная научно-прак- тическая конференция «Уголовно-исполнительная система на современном этапе с учетом реализации Концепции развития уголовно-исполнительной системы Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года». Ее проведение было направлено на развитие и совершенствование научно-исследовательской и практи- ческой деятельности в сфере исполнения уголовных наказаний, изучение состояния мирового пенитен- циарного опыта и поиск перспективных форм и методов работы с осужденными, содействие развитию и углублению межгосударственного пенитенциарного сотрудничества. In November 2022, the Academy of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia hosted the International Scientific and Practical Conference «The Penal System at the Present Stage, with respect to Account the Implementation of the Concept for the Development of the Penal System of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030». It was aimed at developing and improving the research and practical activities in the field of execution of criminal sentences, studying the state of world penitentiary experience and searching for promising forms and methods of working with convicts, promoting the development and deepening of interstate penitentiary cooperation.
Introduction: the article analyzes the content and typical methods and ways that convicts, suspects, and defendants held in correctional institutions and pre-trial detention centers use to counter the investigation of penitentiary crimes. Aim: using the analysis of investigative and judicial practice for criminal cases initiated against persons who committed crimes while in custody or while serving their prison terms, we make an attempt to identify the most distinctive features of counteracting the investigation of prisonrelated crimes. Methods: dialectical method of cognition, general scientific methods of analysis and generalization, empirical methods of description, interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. Results: using a scientific approach that highlights the preliminary stage of investigation of crimes, we reveal some typical counteraction techniques used by prison offenders. Conclusions: destruction, concealment, staging, and falsification are among the most popular methods used directly by offenders to prevent prison-related crimes from being solved. The indirect attitude of offenders toward counteracting the investigation of prison-related crimes is successfully implemented by creating a crowd effect, as well as using the media and the activities of human rights organizations. Keywords: Prison-related crime; counteracting crime investigation; correctional institution; pre-trial detention center; convicted person; suspect; defendant
В статье поднимается проблема доктринального понимания такого явления, как «пенитенциарные преступления». Само понятие активно используется в научном обиходе довольно длительное время, однако единообразного подхода к тому, каким содержанием его необходимо наполнять, до сегодняшнего дня так и не выработано. Констатируется доминирование криминологических исследований, касающихся предметной области. Вместе тем делается авторский вывод о том, что использование подходов ученых-криминологов к понятию «пенитенциарные преступления» с позиций криминалистической науки не представляется возможным. Обобщаются имеющиеся в научной и учебной литературе точки зрения относительно рассматриваемого понятия, выделяются основные подходы, определяющие его содержательное наполнение, формулируется собственное видение и предлагается авторское понятие «пенитенциарные преступления». Сформулированные выводы позволяют сформировать теоретические основы для применения понятия «пенитенциарные преступления» в криминалистических исследованиях, формируют исходные положения, на которых в дальнейшем могут строиться частные криминалистические методики расследования преступлений, совершаемых осужденными, подозреваемыми, обвиняемыми в исправительных учреждениях, следственных изоляторах. In the article the author raises the problem of doctrinal understanding of such a phenomenon as "penitentiary crimes". The concept itself has been actively used in scientific everyday life for quite a long time, but a uniform approach to what content it needs to be filled with has not been developed to this day. The dominance of criminological research related to the subject area is stated. At the same time, the author concludes that it is not possible to use the approaches of criminologists to the concept of «penitentiary crimes» from the standpoint of forensic science. The points of view available in the scientific and educational literature regarding the concept under consideration are summarized. The main approaches that determine the content of the concept under consideration are singled out. The author formulated his own vision and proposed a concept of «penitentiary crimes». The formulated conclusions make it possible to form the theoretical foundations for the application of the concept of «penal crimes» in forensic research, form the starting points on which private forensic methods of investigating crimes committed by convicts, suspects, accused in correctional institutions, pre-trial detention centers can be built in the future.
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