Insufficient sleep could severely impair both cognitive and learning skills. More prominent changes are found in children and adolescents. Tools used to estimate sleepiness in the adult population are commonly inappropriate for children. The objective of our study was to provide a reliable instrument to measure excessive sleepiness for upcoming studies in Russian-speaking children, applying the Russian version of Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). The following tasks were resolved in our study: translation, validation, and analysis of psychometric properties of the Russian adaptation of the PDSS by standard tests. After the semantic validation of the instrument through a multi-stage translation process we checked its psychometric validation. A total of 552 students, consisting of N = 285 for the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), N = 267 for the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and N = 204 for test-retest analysis of public elementary schools located in Northern Russia completed the PDSS and Munich Chronotype Questionnaire to estimate sleep parameters in the classroom during the lessons. Response rate was 90%; excluded cases contained no data. Further, 204 of our participants completed the PDSS in a 3 months interval to check the test-retest reliability. Internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficients and CFA was used to test factorial validity of the tool. Concurrent validity and test-retest reliability were assessed via intra-class coefficient. Internal consistency of the PDSS scale was high (Cronbach's α = 0.8). The construct validity of the PDSS was supported by CFA (factor loadings were from 0.438 to 0.727) and the test-retest reliability demonstrated by the intra-class coefficient was 0.70. The total PDSS score was independent of sex. The mean total value of PDSS was 11.95 ± 6.24. Higher scores on PDSS were negatively correlated with sleep duration. Thus, the construct validity of the instrument remains valid and could be used for Russian-speaking youth samples in the evaluation of daytime sleepiness. It could be useful in future applications by sleep scientists and health practitioners.
The influence of variations in solar, geophysical, and meteorological factors, as well as of the lunar cycle phases, on cardiohemodynamic, emotional and CNS parameters has been studied in 12 men (19-38 years old) permanently residing in the Arctic region (the town of Apatity, 67°57′ N, 33°39′ E). The period of observation was characterized by M1 and M2 class solar flares and G1-G3 class geomagnetic storms. The study has demonstrated the adaptive modulation effects of environmental factors on autonomic regulation systems and the perturbing influences of geomagnetic storm and solar chromospheric flares on human func tional state. Multiple regression analysis was used to identify the dominant environment factors by the degree of their influence on functional parameters and to assess their combined effect. The coefficient of determi nation was no more than 0.5 on average; however, in some subjects, it reached 0.7-0.8 for certain parameters. All subjects were shown to respond to the permanent fluctuations of climatic-geographical and cosmophys ical factors under the extreme conditions of high latitudes; however, response pattern and intensity depended on individual sensitivity to their isolated and combined effects.
The age dynamic of parasympathetic and sympathetic activity of autonomous nervous system (ANS) in the heart rate (HR) regulation is considered in the article from the perspective of allostasis theory. Two groups of people are compared: working residents of Arctic region (aged from 20 till 75 years old, divided in 10-years age cohorts, total 267 people) and working residents of the Central Part of Russia (116 people). The model of allostatic influence on the organism's regulatory systems in the process of adaptation to the conditions of high latitudes is studied compared to clustered data of HR analysis recorded in the background. The model of allostasis implies to support an organism's inner stability not from the perspective of body balance control but through changes preservation according to external conditions. «The adaptation cost» as a result of allostaric load is described by means of peculiarities of HR regulation in indifferent groups of surveyed. A method of human adaptation potential assessment by means of the analysis of ANS parasympathetic parts contribution to HR regulation is rested and discussed in the article. This approach allows to reveal risk group candidates for adaptation process breakdown.
The article provides the evaluation results of the body functional state of mining production workers associated with the extraction and processing of loparite ore. The complex influence of the work conditions on appearance of autonomic dysfunction in the regulation of heart rate variability (HRV) was revealed in workers employed in the ore mining and processing. This dysfunction manifests in the stress indices increasing, earlier exhaustion of the adaptive reserves in comparison to the experimental group, decrease of the total autonomic nerve system effect on heart rate and the increase of the sympathetic nerve system impact to the HRV regulation. High contribution of the very low-frequency component to the spectral range of HRV of the surveyed shows the hyper adaptive state of the mining production workers. The failure of adaptation and a high degree of vulnerability to the environmental factors are the next stage of the body state. It was shown that the functional state of the body of underground miners (in the group of persons under 45 years of age) differed from functional state of ground workers. Furthermore the systolic and diastolic pressure were higher in a group of persons over 45 years old associated with underground work and work with high personal responsibility for production than in the group of persons working in the ground conditions. The obtained results showed that certain values of the HRV in miners group aged
The aim of this study was to assess the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects that occur in miners working underground in rare metal ore mines at ionizing radiation levels within the maximum permissible concentration (MPC) standards using the buccal micronucleus cytome (BMCyt) assay. At the same time, we attempted to identify possible relationships between cytogenetic abnormalities in the buccal epithelium and such physiological indicators as cardiodynamics and the body mass index. The study involved a total of 269 individuals, 236 miners working underground in production related to the mining and enrichment of loparite ores and 33 non-exposed individuals (Russia, Murmansk region). Buccal micronucleus cytome assay and heart rate variability parameters were used. Micronucleus frequency was revealed to be a higher in the exposed group (8.3 ± 1.08‰) than in the non-exposed group (3.3 ± 0.49‰). The repair index showed a statistically significant increase in the non-exposed group (14.9 ± 2.90) compared with the exposed group (6.1 ± 0.74). The frequency of nuclear protrusions correlates significantly with the body mass index in the young miners (≤30 years (r = 0.45)). There is a negative relationship between the micronucleus frequency and the level of organism adaptation (r = −0.24), the vegetative regulation rate (r = −0.20) and the psycho-emotional state (r = −0.30) for miners older than 30 years. The results testify to the possible induction of clastogenic effects and a decrease in the level of reparation in the buccal epithelium cells due to the exposure of a various of production factors in the extraction of loparite ore.
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