A necessary link in the life of any cell is lipid peroxidation. This process underlies the renewal and restructuring of biological membranes, regulation of their composition, permeability and activity of membrane-bound enzymes. The increase in the level of POL (peroxidation of lipids) leads to oxidative stress, which provokes the formation of various pathological conditions in the body. One of the main components of the antioxidant protection of the body is a group of metal enzymes - superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalyzing the dismutation reaction of superoxide anion radicals and maintaining the concentration of these radicals in the cell at a low level. The mechanism of SOD functioning includes sequential renewal and oxidation of metal ions of variable valence in the active center of the enzyme. SOD is an endogenous acceptor of free oxygen radicals, the excessive accumulation of which in the cell is important in the development of a number of oxygen-dependent pathological processes (hypoxia, inflammation, intoxication, etc.). SOD removes superoxide radicals and prevents the formation of other, more dangerous for the body free radicals: hydroxyl radical and singlet oxygen. The activity of superoxide dismutase in blood and tissues is a marker of metabolic disorders. During the study of the relationship of the distribution of catalase activity in serum and tissues of rats, the following tasks were solved: the activity of SOD in serum and tissues of the liver, brain, heart, as well as in skeletal muscle tissues of rats was indicated; the relationship of the distribution of SOD activity in serum and tissues of rats was revealed. The paper presents the results of nonparametric correlation analysis to assess the relationship of the distribution of SOD activity in serum and tissues of small experimental animals.
In the process of physiological activity of the body, a wide range of toxic metabolites is formed, in particular, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide and hydroxyl radical, which have a destructive effect on cells and cell membranes. One of the natural body protection mechanisms is the enzyme catalase, which accelerates the decomposition of constantly formed hydrogen peroxide to the final products, while oxidizing low molecular alcohols and nitrites, involved in the process of cellular respiration and does not require energy for activation. Catalase activity in blood and tissues is a marker of metabolic disorders. Catalase is localized mainly in the peroxisomes and cytoplasm of the cell, saturates the erythrocytes, liver and kidneys. Catalase activity allows assessing the level of endotoxicosis in the body. In order to study the relationship of the distribution of catalase concentration in serum and rat tissues, the following tasks were solved: the concentration of catalase in serum and tissues of the liver, brain, heart, as well as in skeletal muscle tissues of rats was determined; the correlation of catalase concentration distribution in blood serum and tissues of rat was revealed. The paper presents the results of nonparametric correlation analysis to assess the relationship of catalase activity distribution in serum and tissues of small experimental animals.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have been the leading cause of death worldwide for many years. In recent years, new CVD markers have been sought that can improve the diagnosis and treatment of this broad and predictably unfavorable group of diseases. The efforts of many researchers are aimed at identifying changes in the level of enzymes in the lipid peroxidation system as possible mechanisms underlying the development of CVDs. The imbalance between the intensification of free-radical oxidation caused by active oxygen forms and the activity of the body’s protective antioxidant system leads to serious disturbances: disorganization of cellular structures, changes in their functional activity. The article presents the study of the interrelations between the concentration distribution of POL-AO enzymes in blood serum and heart tissues of white non-pedigree rats. The correlation coefficients of Spearman, the gamma of correlation and Kendel Tau revealed a reliable presence of weak correlation between the concentration of glutathione peroxidase in blood serum and heart tissues (Spearman R = 0.18 at p < 0.029408, Gamma = 0.14 at p < 0.018701; Kendall Tau = 0.13 at p < 0.018701).
One of the reasons for the increase in disability and mortality among the working population is cardiovascular diseases. Long-term studies of the nature of diseases belonging to this group hypertension, renovascular and malignant arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetic and dilatational cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, ischemic heart disease show that the main cause of pathogenesis is the formation of oxidative stress under the influence of internal and external environmental factors. Mismatch between the processes of free-radical oxidation caused by such active oxygen species as superoxide-anion radical, hydroxide-radical radical, lipid radical, hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, chloric acid and the capabilities of the antioxidant system leads to a disruption of the functional activity of cell structures, displacement of homeostatic balance in the body. Despite the rather deep study of cardiovascular system pathologies, data on the functional activity of myocardial cells under destructive effects and oxidative stress are still insufficient.The article presents the study of the interrelation of the concentration distribution of enzymes of the lipidantioxidant peroxidation system in blood serum and skeletal muscle tissue of white non-pedigree rats. By means of Spearman, Gamma and Kendel Tau correlation coefficients it was revealed a reliable presence of a weak force of inverse correlation between the concentration of catalase in blood serum and skeletal muscle (Spearman R = -0.21 at p < 0.011749, Gamma = -0.14 at p < 0.010977; Kendall Tau = -0.14 at p < 0.010977).
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