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We described herein the synthesis of bis-1,3,4-oxadiazole containing glycine moiety. N-{5-[5-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl-sulfanyl]-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl-methyl}-4-methoxybenzamide was fully characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopy. Also this study was designed to show the effects of bis-oxadiazole compound on the activities of some transferase enzymes such as: GOT, GPT and c-GT in sera. This compound demonstrated activation on GOT and GPT activities, inhibitory effects on the c-GT activity. These effects increased with increasing the concentration of the compound. The causes of the increases and decreases in the enzymes activities are discussed.

This study was designed to show the effects of caffeine on the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine amino transferase (ALT), gama glutamate transferase (γ-GT) enzymes in the sera. Caffeine demonstrated activation on (AST) and (ALT) activities, inhibitory effects on the (γ-GT) activity, and these effects increased with increasing the concentration of the compound. Kinetic properties of (AST) and (ALT) activities revealed (by caffeine) non-competitive type of activation, and of (γ-GT) activity competitive inhibitors

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Glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), an enzyme found mostly in the kidneys and the liver, acting significant role of supplying glucose through starvation. This study includes (84) subjects, their age ranged from (40 to 54) years. (20) subjects were healthy chosen as control group and (64) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to their type of anti diabetic therapy : (23) newly diagnosed group without therapy (Group1), (20) with metformin therapy (Group2) and (21) with metformin plus glibenclamide therapies( Group3). The study found that G-6-Pase activity is increased, thereby leading to an increase in endogenous glucose production (EGP) in patients with type 2 diabetes and, therefore FPG will increase. The result found that increasing G-6-Pase activity will increase the concentration of glucose in the blood and that will increase the long-term glycemic control (HbA1c%).

Diabetes mellitus (DM) has been defined as a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. This study includes (84) subjects, their age ranged from (40 to 54) years. (20) subjects were healthy chosen as control group and (64) patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were divided into three groups according to their type of anti diabetic therapy: (23) newly diagnosed group without therapy (Group1), (20) with metformin therapy (Group2) and (21) with metformin plus glibenclamide therapies (Group3). In the study lipid profile level were quantitatively determine by enzymatic methods, in addition to that fasting plasma glucose (FPG), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c%) and body mass index (BMI) were identified in the patients. There is significant increase in the level of lipid profile in patients group. Metformin alone produce a non-significant favorable effect on all lipids profile parameters while metformin plus glibenclamide showed a significant reduction in TC and LDL-C.

The oxidative stress is one of the main cause for cardiovascular diseases (like Hypertension) also one of the results of these diseases. This study involved 56 subjects matched ages and sex divided into two groups; 28 hypertensive subject and 28 healthy subject as control group. The following analysis was done: 4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal(4HNE) and albumin. The resultsshow that there is a significant increase in (4HNE) between patients group and control group. The increase in 4HNE which is a product of lipid peroxidation is attributed to destruction in body cell caused by due to the increase in stress events. It has been concluded that is important nappy on ideal weight, because obesity considered main factors for heart disease and hardening of the arteries. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between of some oxidative stress markers and cardiovascular diseases.

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