Inula racemosa Hook. f. and Digitalis purpurea L. are aromatic medicinal plants used in Ayurveda, possessing diuretic, antiseptic, antitumor, and various other therapeutic properties. This study determined fatty acid composition by gas chromatographymass spectrometry in petroleum ether seed extracts. Moreover, antioxidant activity namely 2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2ˈ-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT), catalase, peroxidase, and in vitro antibacterial activity, functional group analysis were carried on seeds extracted through petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, acetone, and methanol. Extracted yield (wt. %) of seeds was significantly high. Linoleic acid was the dominant fatty acid found in I racemosa 52.87% and D purpurea 73.36%. All extracts showed powerful antioxidant and antibacterial activities especially at 100 and 100 mg/mL, respectively. Moreover, through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy numerous functional groups were found in all extracts. Therefore, from above study the I racemosa and D purpurea seeds could have valuable application in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.
In this study fatty acid composition of petroleum ether (AP and TP) and biological potential (Antioxidant and antibacterial) of chloroform (AC and TC), methanol (AM and TM) extracts of Atropa belladonna L. and Thymus linearis Benth. respectively was obtained by Soxhlet extraction technique from seeds were investigated. Fatty acid profile was obtained by gas chromatography mass spectrometry, antioxidant potential (DPPH-2,2-di-phenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; ABTS-2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) and antibacterial activity against (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli and Klebesiella pneumonia) was also performed. Linoleic acid was dominantly found with 74.42% in AP and 84.39% in TP. In antioxidant assays, the dominant inhibition was shown by AM (84.98% and 83.90%) and TM (85.27% and 83.29%) as compared to BHT (93.72% and 90.87%) for DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging respectively at 200 µg/mL. Moreover, AM and TM extracts showed good antibacterial activity. In conclusion, these plants could be selected as an adequate species in agricultural system, in food and pharmaceutical industries.
Graphic abstract
The seeds of Abrus precatorius Linn., Amaranthus virdis Linn., Bunium persicum Boiss., Dioscorea deltoidea Wall. Ex Griseb., Malva neglecta Wall., Podophylum hexandrum Royle., Robina pseudoacacia Linn. and Teraxacum officinale Weber were used for fatty acid composition and antimicrobial activity. By GC-MS analysis, the petroleum extracts of seed were rich in oleic acid with 60.2%, 58.9% and 57.5% for A. precatorius, A. virdis and P. hexandrum respectively. Linoleic acid was dominant in M. neglecta 57.4%, T. officinale 59.0% and R. pseudoacacia 45.6% and petroselinic acid in B. persicum 64.0%. The defatted seed extracts showed strong inhibition zones in (mm) against fungus Aspergillus niger (14.50-19.53 with nystatin 20.36), Aspergillus fumigates (18.03-21.06 with nystatin 25.56) and Penicellium marneffei (20.97-24.96 with nystatin 28.50) and strongest MIC values (µg/ml) of 150, 250 and 500 against bacteria Esxherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study exhibited beneficial properties of these plants in food and pharmaceutical industries.
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