A dentifrice with high fluoride concentration could be regarded as a useful therapy of F delivery for high caries-risk patients, since intraoral F levels were sustained throughout most of the day after using this formulation.

The objective of this work was to study the degree of knowledge about dietary fibre (DF), as influenced by factors such as gender, level of education, living environment or country. For this, a descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 6010 participants from 10 countries in different continents (Europe, Africa and America). The results showed that the participants revealed on average a positive but still low global level of knowledge, which alerts for the need to take some actions to further inform the population about DF and its role as a component of a healthy diet. The results also indicated differences between genders, levels of education, living environments and countries. The highest level of knowledge was revealed by the participants from female gender, with higher education and living in urban areas. Concerning the country, the best informed were the participants from Romania, followed by those from Portugal and Turkey while the least informed were from Egypt.

No abstract

The role of dietary fibers is crucial especially for the prevention of degenerative diseases and cancer. The purpose of this study was to find practical mathematical formulas to calculate the mean dietary fiber intake of Romanian adult population. Based on the intakes of vegetables, fruits and whole cereals we calculated the Mean Dietary Fiber Intake/day/person (MDFI). Our research shows that the national average MDFI was 9.8 g fiber/day/person, meaning 38% of Dietary Requirements, and the rest of 62% representing a fiber gap that we have to take into account. Public health programs actions sustained and developed by the Romanian Dietitians should be taken towards increasing the consumption of fiber-rich products associated with an increased frequency of physical activity, because these actions will be helpful in reducing chronic diseases incidence in Romania.

Because dietary fibre has been recognized as a major ally to the maintenance of a healthy body as well as to help against the development of some chronic diseases, this work aimed at studying the level of knowledge of a relatively wide range of people about the health effects related to the ingestion of dietary fibre in appropriate dosages. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken on a non-probabilistic sample of 6010 participants. The data were collected from 10 countries in 3 different continents (Europe, Africa and America) and measured the level of knowledge regarding different health benefits from dietary fibre. The questionnaires were applied by direct interview after verbal informed consent. Findings: The results obtained considering the general level of knowledge revealed a considerable degree of information about the benefits of fibre (average score of 3.54±0.5, on a scale from 1 to 5). There were significant differences between genders (p<0.001), with higher average score for women, and also for level of education (p<0.001), with higher score for university level. The living environment also showed significant differences (p<0.001), with people living in urban areas showing a higher degree of knowledge. Also for countries the differences were significant (p<0.001), with the highest score obtained for Portugal (3.7), and the lowest for Croatia, Italy, Latvia, Macedonia and Romania (3.5). However, despite these differences, the results showed that for all the countries the degree of knowledge was good (above 3.5), corresponding to a minimum level of knowledge of 70%. Originality/Value: This work is considered important due to the wide coverage, including so many countries inclusive with different social and cultural settings. The study allowed concluding that, in general, the participants in the study were quite well informed about the benefits of dietary fibre for the improvement of human health, regardless of gender, level of education, living environment or country. This finding is very relevant considering the diversity of people that composed the sample and reinforces the necessity of continuing with educational policies aimed at providing the general population with the knowledge that might help them make appropriate food choices.

The role of diet is crucial in the development and prevention of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the current study was to describe dietary intake and assess health scores of children and adults by using a survey questionnaire on moldavian and transylvanian population, in order to evaluate whether it is necessary to introduce a prevention program for cardiovascular diseases in Romania. In 2015, a questionnaire was sent to 347 children and 583 adults in two counties in Romania where the climatic and topographic conditions are different. Participation rate in the children group was 56.48% moldavian / 43.51% transylvanian, respectively 39.62% moldavian / 60.37% transylvanian participants in the adult group. The questionnaire included a 44-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and questions on lifestyle for children and a 21- item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a health score for adults. Results were evaluated against the WHO recommendations of healthy diet. In Mures county the number of former smokers is significantly higher compared to Bacau county, and considerably more subjects report active smoking and exposure to passive smoking. The incidence of overweight and obesity was similar in the two counties, 68.14% in Bacau and 70.67% in Mures. More subjects from Bacau (94.35%) have regular exercise compared to those from Mures (85.38%), the difference is not quite significant. The majority of the subjects from Bacau county have a significantly healthier diet compared to those from Mures, consuming regularly eggs, meat and dairy products. Based on our data, only 16% of Romanian children reach the WHO recommendation for healthy nutrition regarding fruit and vegetable intake.Dietary habits of children and adults in Romania warrant improvements. Public health actions should be taken to increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables, decrease the consumption of saturated fats and sweets and also to increase the frequency of physical activity. These actions may be helpful in reducing the risks for overweight and cardiovascular diseases.

Dental caries and secondary caries are the most common problems in dentistry. Many studies provided evidence for the anticariogenic effect of fluorides. The incidence of secondary caries is decreased in teeth restored with fluoride releasing materials. The purpose of the present in vitro study is to evaluate the fluoride release and uptake capability of two glass-ionomer cements and two compomers. A total number of 60 specimens were prepared according to the manufacturer�s instructions using silicone molds. The specimens were transferred in plastic containers containing artificial saliva (pH=7), incubated at 37�C for 24 h and divided in three subgroups: control group, varnish treated group and dentifrice treated group. The fluoride ion content was measured on five times during a period of 30 days using an Orion 720A fluoride meter with 9609 BN fluoride ion electrode. The self-curing glass-ionomer cement released the highest amounts of fluoride ions at the beginning and after the one month study period. The samples of the four materials tested in the varnish treated groups showed significant differences compared to their control groups on the second day. Dentifrice treated groups did not show significant differences compared to their control groups, except values measured after 30 days. Application of fluoride varnish produced an increase of fluoride release for the first 24 h in case of all materials. However, results suggest that the use of fluoridated dentifrice would be more effective in caries prevention due to their fluoride uptake capability.

No abstract