Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM), which is used to reduce chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), relieve psychological distress, and improve quality of life (QOL) in Chinese breast cancer survivors (BCs). Methods: Seventy-four BCs were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to either the CALM group or the care as usual (CAU) group. All patients were evaluated by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog), Distress Thermometer (DT), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B) before and after CALM or CAU application to BCs with CRCI. We compared the differences in all these scores between the CALM group and the control group and analyzed the correlation between cognitive function and QOL. Results: Compared with the CAU group, the performance of the CALM group on the FACT-Cog, DT, and FACT-B showed significant differences before and after CALM ( t = −18.909, −5.180, −32.421, P = .000, .000, .000, respectively). Finally, there was a positive correlation between cognitive function and QOL in breast cancer patients before ( r = 0.579, P = .000) and after ( r = 0.797, P = .000) treatment. Conclusions: The present results indicated that CALM has salutary effects on the improvement of cognitive impairment and QOL and relieves psychological distress in breast cancer patients, which may be due to a positive correlation between psychological distress and cognitive function or QOL.

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Objective. To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully based on VR (VR-CALM), which is used to manage expected symptoms of cancer itself, relieve psychological distress, and improve quality of life (QOL) in the Chinese breast cancer survivors (BCs). Methods. Ninety-eight patients with breast cancer were recruited in this study. These patients were randomly assigned to the VR-CALM group or the care as usual (CAU) group. All patients were evaluated by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast cancer patient (FACT-B), Distress Thermometer (DT), Concerns About Recurrence Scale (CARS), Piper Fatigue Scale (PFS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and The Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) before and after VR-CALM or CAU application to BCs. We compared the differences in all these scores between the VR-CALM group and the control group. Results. Patients in the VR-CALM group showed a significant decrease in levels of distress, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and fatigue (t = −6.829, t = −5.819, t = −2.094, t = −3.031, t = −10.082, P ≤ 0.001 , 0.001, 0.05, 0.01, 0.001, respectively) and had higher level of quality of life (t = 8.216, P ≤ 0.001 ) compared with the CAU group after intervention. And postintervention patients in VR-CALM group compared with preintervention showed lower level of distress and remarkable improvement of QOL (t = 11.521, t = −10.379, P ≤ 0.001 , 0.001). The preintervention questionnaire revealed no significant between-group differences regarding distress, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, fatigue, and quality of life. Conclusion. VR-CALM is a psychotherapy tailored to the needs of patients with breast cancer. This research innovatively used VR-based CALM intervention to improve psychological and chronic symptoms in BCs. The results of the present study indicate that VR-CALM has salutary effects on the improvement of QOL and relieves psychological distress, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and fatigue in BCs.

The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 point mutation (ALDH2*2) is a common frequent human gene variant, especially in East Asians. However, the expression and mechanism of action of ALDH2 in HNSC remain unknown. The present study explored the clinical significance and immune characteristics of ALDH2 in HNSC. The receiver operating characteristic curve was analysed to assess the diagnostic value of ALDH2 expression. ALDH2 expression in normal tissues and HNSC tissues was evaluated by IHC, and we also analysed ALDH2 gene expression in 4 HNSC cell lines. ALDH2 expression was significantly reduced in HNSC tissues compared to normal tissues (p < 0.05). HNSC patients with high ALDH2 expression had a better prognosis compared to patients with low ALDH2 expression (p < 0.05). GSEA indicated that these gene sets were correlated with signalling pathways, including the JAK-STAT signalling pathway. Unexpectedly, we found a significant prognostic effect of ALDH2 for HNSC based on alcohol consumption and the male sex. The correlation between ALDH2 expression and immune inhibitors showed an effect for ALDH2 in modifying tumour immunology in HNSC, and there may be a possible mechanism by which ALDH2 regulates the functions of T cells in HNSC. In addition, we developed a prognostic nomogram for HNSC patients, which suggested that low ALDH2 expression indicated poor prognosis in HNSC patients who were males and alcoholics.

Oxidative DNA damage is closely related to the occurrence and progression of cancer. Oxidative stress plays an important role in alcohol-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) is a family of enzymes that plays an essential role in the reducing oxidative damage. However, how ALDHs family affects alcohol-related HCC remains obscure. We aimed to explore the correlation between the differential expression of ALDHs in patients with HCC and pathological features, as well as the relationship between ALDHs and prognosis, and finally analyze the possible mechanism of ALDHs in targeted therapy of HCC. The data of HCC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. This research explored the expression and prognostic values of ALDHs in HCC using Oncomine, UALCAN, Human Protein Atlas, cBioPortal, Kaplan–Meier plotter, GeneMANIA, Tumor Immune Estimation Resource, GEPIA databases, and WebGestalt. Low mRNA and protein expressions of ALDHs were found to be significantly associated with tumor grade and clinical cancer stages in HCC patients. In particular, the loss of ALDH expression is more obvious in Asians, and its effect on prognosis is far more significant than that in the White race. Our findings play an important role in the study of prognostic markers and anti-liver cancer therapeutic targets for the members of the ALDHs family, especially in patients with liver cancer in Asia.

Background and Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressively malignant type of cancer with a complex pathogenesis. For HCC patients, there is not only a deficiency of valuable therapeutic targets but also a deficiency of prognostic biomarkers. Although some progress has been made in the immunotherapy of HCC, sorafenib remains one of the irreplaceable therapeutic for advanced HCC patients. However, after 10 years of exploration on sorafenib clinical application, there are still no confirmed prognostic factors of therapeutic effect. Methods: The clinical significance and molecular work of the SIGLEC family were assessed by comprehensive bioinformatic analysis.The TCGA, GEO and HCCDB databases were used to explore the expression of SIGLEC family genes in HCC. The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was analysed to discover the connection between SIGLEC family genes and prognosis of patients. Besides, possible connections between differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of SIGLEC family and tumor-associated immunity were evaluated using TIMER. Results: The outcomes showed that the mRNA levels of most SIGLEC family genes were significantly down-regulated in HCC compared with normal tissues. Low protein and mRNA expression of SIGLECs were found to be considerably correlated with tumor grade and clinical cancer stages in HCC patients. Tumor related SIGLECs family genes were associated with tumor immune infiltrating cell. To our surprise, the high expression of SIGLECs family is significantly related with the better prognosis of HCC patients treated with sorafenib.Conclusions: In conclusion, SIGLEC family genes have considerable prognostic value in HCC and they may play main roles in regulating cancer progress and the immune cell infiltration. More importantly, we revealed that SIGLEC family genes may become a predictive index for the efficacy evaluation of sorafenib someday.

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive, malignant cancer with a complex pathogenesis. However, effective therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers are limited. Sorafenib provides delaying cancer progression and survival improvement in advanced HCC. But despite 10 years of research on the clinical application of sorafenib, predictive markers for its therapeutic effect are lacking. Methods The clinical significance and molecular functions of SIGLEC family members were assessed by a comprehensive bioinformatic analysis. The datasets included in this study (ICGC-LIRI-JP, GSE22058 and GSE14520) are mainly based on patients with HBV infections or HBV-related liver cirrhosis. The TCGA, GEO, and HCCDB databases were used to explore the expression of SIGLEC family genes in HCC. The Kaplan–Meier Plotter database was used to evaluate relationships between the expression levels of SIGLEC family genes and prognosis. Associations between differentially expressed genes in the SIGLEC family and tumour-associated immune cells were evaluated using TIMER. Results The mRNA levels of most SIGLEC family genes were significantly lower in HCC than in normal tissues. Low protein and mRNA expression levels of SIGLECs were strongly correlated with tumour grade and clinical cancer stage in patients with HCC. Tumour-related SIGLEC family genes were associated with tumour immune infiltrating cells. High SIGLEC expression was significantly related to a better prognosis in patients with advanced HCC treated with sorafenib. Conclusions SIGLEC family genes have potential prognostic value in HCC and may contribute to the regulation of cancer progression and immune cell infiltration. More importantly, our results revealed that SIGLEC family gene expression may be used as a prognostic marker for HCC patients treated with sorafenib.

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) point mutation ALDH2*2 is the common frequent human gene variant, espically in East Asians. However, nothing is known about their expression and mechanism of action in HNSC. This research tried to explore the clinical significance and immune characteristics of ALDH2 in HNSC. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analysed to assessment the diagnostic value of ALDH2 expression. ALDH2 expression in normal tissues and HNSC tissues were evaluated by IHC. Also we analyzed ALDH2 gene expression in 4 HNSC cell lines. ALDH2 expression was significantly reduced in HNSC tissues (p< 0.05). HNSC patients with highly expressed ALDH2 have a better prognosis (p< 0.05). Then, GSEA analysis result pointed that these gene sets were connected with signaling pathways including JAK-STAT signaling pathway. We unexpectedly found a significant prognostic effect of ALDH2 in alcohol consumption and male HNSC patients. The correlation between ALDH2 expression and immunoinhibitors showed a effect for ALDH2 in modifying tumor immunology in HNSC and there may be a possible mechanism by which ALDH2 regulates functions of T cell in HNSC. We developed a nomogram prognostic model for HNSC patients. Moreover, low ALDH2 expression was a poor prognostic factor in male alcoholics of HNSC.