No abstract

Although much attention has been directed towards life satisfaction that refers to an individual's general cognitive evaluations of his or her life as a whole, little is known about the neural basis underlying global life satisfaction. In this study, we used voxel-based morphometry to investigate the structural neural correlates of life satisfaction in a large sample of young healthy adults (n = 299). We showed that individuals' life satisfaction was positively correlated with the regional gray matter volume (rGMV) in the right parahippocampal gyrus (PHG), and negatively correlated with the rGMV in the left precuneus and left ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This pattern of results remained significant even after controlling for the effect of general positive and negative affect, suggesting a unique structural correlates of life satisfaction. Furthermore, we found that self-esteem partially mediated the association between the PHG volume and life satisfaction as well as that between the precuneus volume and global life satisfaction. Taken together, we provide the first evidence for the structural neural basis of life satisfaction, and highlight that self-esteem might play a crucial role in cultivating an individual's life satisfaction.

ObjectiveTo explore the safety of ultrasound and microbubbles for enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors in the digestive system in a clinical trial, as well as its efficacy.MethodsFrom October 2014 to June 2016, twelve patients volunteered to participate in this study. Eleven patients had hepatic metastases from tumors of the digestive system, and one patient had pancreatic carcinoma. According to the mechanical index (MI) in the ultrasound field, patients were classified into four groups with MIs of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0. Within half an hour after chemotherapy, patients underwent ultrasound scanning with ultrasound microbubbles (SonoVue) to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy. All adverse reactions were recorded and were classified in 4 grades according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.03 (CTCAE V4.03). Tumor responses were evaluated by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors version 1.1 criteria. All the patients were followed up until progression.ResultsAll the adverse reactions recorded were level 1 or level 2. No local pain occurred in any of the patients. Among all the adverse reactions, fever might be related to the treatment with ultrasound combined with microbubbles. Six patients had stable disease (SD), and one patient had a partial response (PR) after the first cycle of treatment. At the end of follow-up, tumor progression was restricted to the original sites, and no new lesions had appeared.ConclusionsOur preliminary data showed the potential role of a combined treatment with ultrasound and microbubbles in enhancing the chemotherapeutic sensitivity of malignant tumors of the digestive system. This technique is safe when the MI is no greater than 1.0.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM), which is used to reduce chemotherapy-related cognitive impairment (CRCI), relieve psychological distress, and improve quality of life (QOL) in Chinese breast cancer survivors (BCs). Methods: Seventy-four BCs were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly assigned to either the CALM group or the care as usual (CAU) group. All patients were evaluated by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Cognitive Function (FACT-Cog), Distress Thermometer (DT), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Breast (FACT-B) before and after CALM or CAU application to BCs with CRCI. We compared the differences in all these scores between the CALM group and the control group and analyzed the correlation between cognitive function and QOL. Results: Compared with the CAU group, the performance of the CALM group on the FACT-Cog, DT, and FACT-B showed significant differences before and after CALM ( t = −18.909, −5.180, −32.421, P = .000, .000, .000, respectively). Finally, there was a positive correlation between cognitive function and QOL in breast cancer patients before ( r = 0.579, P = .000) and after ( r = 0.797, P = .000) treatment. Conclusions: The present results indicated that CALM has salutary effects on the improvement of cognitive impairment and QOL and relieves psychological distress in breast cancer patients, which may be due to a positive correlation between psychological distress and cognitive function or QOL.

Background-Axis I comorbidity complicates diagnosing Axis II personality disorders (PDs). PDs might influence Axis I outcome. No research has examined psychotherapy effects on PDs of treating Axis I comorbidity. Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial examined PD diagnostic stability after brief psychotherapy of chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Background Lung cancer is the most common cancer and cause of cancer‐related mortality worldwide, increasing evidence indicated that there was a significant correlation between tumors and the long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as well as tumor immune infiltration, but their role in early lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are still unclear. Methods Gene expression data and corresponding clinical data of early-stage LUAD patients were downloaded from GEO and TCGA databases. 24 kinds of tumor-infiltrating immune cells were analyzed by quantity analysis and univariate cox regression analysis, we divided patients into two subgroups using consensus clustering, recognized the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the subgroups, then, established lncRNA risk signature by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression. Results A total of 718 patients were enrolled in this study, including 246 from GSE31210 dataset, 127 from GSE50081 dataset and 345 from TCGA-LUAD. We identified that Th2 cells, TFH, NK CD56dim cells and Mast cells were prognosis-related(p < 0.05), then established a 5-lncRNA risk signature (risk score = 0.374600616* LINC00857 + 0.173825706* LINC01116 + (− 0.021398903)* DRAIC + (− 0.113658256)* LINC01140 + (− 0.008403702)* XIST), and draw a nomogram showed that the signature had a well prediction accuracy and discrimination. Conclusions We identified 4 immune infiltrating cells related to the prognosis of early-stage LUAD, and established a novel 5 immune-related lncRNA signature for predicting patients’ prognosis.

Contrast-enhanced US is a valuable tool for differentiating focal pancreatitis from pancreatic carcinoma and can greatly increase the diagnostic accuracy over conventional US.

BackgroundThe prevalence of thyroid carcinoma (TC) and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) has been increasing dramatically over the past decades. We investigated the relationship between HT and TC.MethodsWe followed the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines for carrying out and reporting this meta-analysis. The literature from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020, regardless of region and publication type, was searched comprehensively in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases. After careful selection and data extraction, the pooled odds ratio of various clinical characteristics in 39 studies were calculated. Publication bias was analyzed using funnel plots.ResultsMeta-analysis of 39 original research articles showed HT to be a risk factor of TC (pooled odds ratio = 1.71; 95% confidence interval, 1.57–1.80; p &lt; 0.00001) and papillary thyroid carcinoma (1.67, 1.51–1.85, &lt;0.00001). Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) combined with HT were more likely to have multifocal carcinomas. The prevalence of an extrathyroidal extension, metastasis, BRAFV600E mutation, and recurrence was significantly lower in patients with PTC combined with HT.ConclusionsHT is a “double-edged sword” in TC patients. HT increases the risk of TC and PTC but is a protective factor against PTC progression.