No abstract

No abstract

Hydrodesulfurization (HDS) is one of the most efficient methods to remove harmful sulfur from oil to produce clean hydrocarbons. Molybdenum sulfide (MoS2) has been used extensively for HDS for several decades, which can be further improved toward more effective catalysts due to its distinctive phase-engineering nature. Here, 1T-2H mixed-phase MoS2 nanoflowers with tunable defects have been synthesized and used in the HDS reaction. A facile solvothermal method involving water, ethanol, and glycerin has been developed for generating stable mixed 1T-2H MoS2 in which the vacancies of both S and Mo have been produced. Detailed characterizations based on transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectra, Raman, and electron paramagnetic resonance show that the 1T/2H ratio and vacancies of MoS2 have been effectively tuned by changing the composition of solvothermal solvent. Temperature-programmed reduction results show greatly affected H2 adsorption behavior of MoS2 by engineering of the phases and defects. In the HDS of dibenzothiophene, stable defect-rich mixed 1T-2H MoS2 with high activity and high hydrogenation selectivity was obtained via the accurately controlled solvothermal environment of water, ethanol, and glycerin. The used catalyst still maintains high performance, which is attributed to the retained mixed 1T-2H phases and the dual defects in the harsh reaction environment.

The fabrication process, compressive strength and biocompatibility of porous beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP) ceramic scaffolds reinforced with 45P(2)O(5)-22CaO-25Na(2)O-8MgO bioglass (beta-TCP/BG) were investigated for their suitability as bone engineering materials. Porous beta-TCP/BG scaffolds with macropore sizes of 200-500 muicrom were prepared by coating porous polyurethane template with beta-TCP/BG slurry. The beta-TCP/BG scaffolds showed interconnected porous structures and exhibited enhanced mechanical properties to those pure beta-TCP scaffolds. In order to assess the effects of chemical composition of this bioglass on the behavior of osteoblasts cultured in vitro, porous scaffolds were immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 2 weeks, and original specimens (without soaked in SBF) seeded with MC3T3-E1 were cultured for the same period. The ability of inducing apatite crystals in simulated body fluid and the attachment of osteoblasts were examined. Results suggest that apatite agglomerates are formed on the surface of the beta-TCP/BG scaffolds and its Ca/P molar ratio is approximately 1.42. Controlling the crystallization from the beta-TCP/BG matrix could influence the releasing speed of inorganic ions and further adjust the microenvironment of the solution around the beta-TCP/BG, which could improve the interaction between osteoblasts and the scaffolds.

No abstract

No abstract

No abstract

Polydopamine-coated MWCNTs have been employed as reactive platforms for the anchoring of multiple heteroatom dopants.