Doping carbon nanotubes with N, S, and B for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction: a systematic investigation on single, double, and triple doped modes

Liu, Sen; Li, Guozhu; Gao, Yulong; Xiao, Zhourong; Zhang, Junfeng; Wang, Qingfa; Zhang, Xiangwen; Wang, Li

doi:10.1039/c7cy00491e

Cited by 48 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…More, owing to the unequal size and electronegativity of the heteroatoms between carbon atoms, the introduction of heteroatoms (e.g., N, S, B, and P) into carbon matrix caused electron modulation to change the charge distribution and electronic properties and induced defects and then facilitated the ORR process on Zn–air batteries cathodes . In addition, binary or ternary heteroatoms doping in carbon has been reported to achieve higher catalytic activity than single atom doping due to a synergetic effect . Choi et al first adapted ternary‐doped carbon as an ORR catalyst and the results implied that ternary doping of B, P, and N into carbon induced remarkable performance enhancements by changing charge delocalization of the carbon atoms or number of edge sites of the carbon .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Boron Ternary Doped Carbon Fibers as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries

Wang

et al. 2018

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Zinc-air batteries with high-density energy are promising energy storage devices for the next generation of energy storage technologies. However, the battery performance is highly dependent on the efficiency of oxygen electrocatalyst in the air electrode. Herein, the N, F, and B ternary doped carbon fibers (TD-CFs) are prepared and exhibited higher catalytic properties via the efficient 4e transfer mechanism for oxygen reduction in comparison with the single nitrogen doped CFs. More importantly, the primary and rechargeable Zn-air batteries using TD-CFs as air-cathode catalysts are constructed. When compared to batteries with Pt/C + RuO and Vulcan XC-72 carbon black catalysts, the TD-CFs catalyzed batteries exhibit remarkable battery reversibility and stability over long charging/discharging cycles.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Boron Ternary Doped Carbon Fibers as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries

Wang

et al. 2018

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163

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“…However, in most cases the catalytic motif has more complicated configuration comprising several similar or different heteroatoms, vacancies and their neighboring carbon atoms. Apart from nitrogen as the most investigated nonmetal heteroatom, group II and III p ‐block elements including B, S, P, Si, Sb, and also F in individual and multinary configurations have been theoretically and experimentally examined for ORR . Dissimilar from isotropic Pt‐based catalysts in which all similar surface atoms contribute equally to catalytic reaction, the active sites are confined to the close vicinity of the heteroatoms in metal‐free catalysts.…”

Section: Nonmetallic Electrocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen Reduction Reactions on Single‐ or Few‐Atom Discrete Active Sites for Heterogeneous Catalysis

Sharifi

Gracia‐Espino

Chen

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

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The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is of great importance in energy‐converting processes such as fuel cells and in metal–air batteries and is vital to facilitate the transition toward a nonfossil dependent society. The ORR has been associated with expensive noble metal catalysts that facilitate the O2 adsorption, dissociation, and subsequent electron transfer. Single‐ or few‐atom motifs based on earth‐abundant transition metals, such as Fe, Co, and Mo, combined with nonmetallic elements, such as P, S, and N, embedded in a carbon‐based matrix represent one of the most promising alternatives. Often these are referred to as single atom catalysts; however, the coordination number of the metal atom as well as the type and nearest neighbor configuration has a strong influence on the function of the active sites, and a more adequate term to describe them is metal‐coordinated motifs. Despite intense research, their function and catalytic mechanism still puzzle researchers. They are not molecular systems with discrete energy states; neither can they fully be described by theories that are adapted for heterogeneous bulk catalysts. Here, recent results on single‐ and few‐atom electrocatalyst motifs are reviewed with an emphasis on reports discussing the function and the mechanism of the active sites.

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“…In light of the slow kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), the rational design of cathode catalysts has attracted increasing attention . Considering the high cost of PGMs, non‐Pt catalysts, such as Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, and even metal‐free catalysts, are currently being explored . Recently, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), as a subclass of metal organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity and large specific surface areas, have been successfully applied to electrocatalytic reduction reactions .…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Considering the high cost of PGMs, non-Pt catalysts, such as Fe, Co, Cu, Mn, and even metal-free catalysts, are currently being explored. [4] Recently, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs), as as ubclass of metal organic frameworks (MOFs)w ith high porosity and larges pecific surface areas, have been successfully applied to electrocatalytic reduction reactions. [5] ZIFs not only provide integrated metal, nitrogen, and carbon precursors, but also exhibit an ordered 3D crystal structure.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hierarchically Porous Co−N−C Cathode Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

et al. 2019

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As a new class of metal–nitrogen–carbon (M−N−C) material with 3 D microstructure, zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (ZIFs) are used to synthesize highly active electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction, as substitutes for commercial Pt/C in anion exchange membrane fuel cells. However, to form an effective catalyst layer (CL), the relationship between the microstructure of the ZIF‐derived catalyst and the fuel cell performance must be investigated. In this work, a hierarchically porous CL based on the carbon black (CB)‐controlled synthesis of a Co‐based ZIF (denoted as ZIF‐CB‐700) is constructed to optimize the triple‐phase boundary (TPB) and mass transfer. The power density at 40 °C of ZIF‐CB‐700 (95.4 mW cm−2) as cathode catalyst is about 4 times higher than that of the catalyst synthesized in the absence of CB and is comparable to that of the commercial 60 % Pt/C catalyst (112.0 mW cm−2). Both online and offline measurements suggest that the morphology and microstructure of the CL is crucial to form an active TPB region, dominating the fuel cell performance rather than only the high catalyst activity.

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Doping carbon nanotubes with N, S, and B for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction: a systematic investigation on single, double, and triple doped modes

Abstract: Polydopamine-coated MWCNTs have been employed as reactive platforms for the anchoring of multiple heteroatom dopants.

Cited by 48 publications

References 65 publications

Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Boron Ternary Doped Carbon Fibers as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries

Nitrogen, Fluorine, and Boron Ternary Doped Carbon Fibers as Cathode Electrocatalysts for Zinc–Air Batteries

Oxygen Reduction Reactions on Single‐ or Few‐Atom Discrete Active Sites for Heterogeneous Catalysis

Hierarchically Porous Co−N−C Cathode Catalyst Layers for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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