Objective: This meta-analysis aimed to systematically assess the therapeutic efficacy and safety of Qinghao Biejia decoction combined with conventional chemical medicine in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to provide reference for clinical medication.Methods: Multiple databases were retrieved by computer for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of treating SLE with Qinghao Biejia decoction combining chemical medicine, from the establishment of the database to January 2021. Study screening, data collection, and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers. RevMan 5.4 and Stata 15.1 software were used for Meta-analysis.Results: Nine eligible studies, involving 655 SLE participants, were included. Meta-analysis showed that the additional use of Qinghao Biejia decoction superior to chemical medicine alone in people with SLE in improving the overall response rate (RR = 1.30, 95% CI [1.19, 1.41], p < 0.00001, heterogeneity p = 0.61, I2 = 0%), and can decrease SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and TCM symptom scores, improve immunological indexes (C3, C4, IgG, IgA, IFN-γ, IL-4, Th1/Th2), reduce the occurrence of adverse events in treatment (P ≤ 0.05).Conclusion: Based on this meta-analysis, the additional use of Qinghao Biejia decoction has more advantages in the treatment of SLE than conventional chemical medication alone, which could enhance the efficacy and reduce adverse reactions, and is worthy of clinical promotion. However, more and higher quality RCTs are still need to confirm our findings.
Background Malaria remains a serious threat to global public health. With poor efficacies of vaccines and the emergence of drug resistance, novel strategies to control malaria are urgently needed. Results We developed erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles loaded with artemether based on the growth characteristics of Plasmodium. The nanoparticles could capture the merozoites to inhibit them from repeatedly infecting normal erythrocytes, owing to the interactions between merozoites and heparin-like molecules on the erythrocyte membrane. Modification with a phosphatidylserine-targeting peptide (CLIPPKF) improved the drug accumulation in infected red blood cells (iRBCs) from the externalized phosphatidylserine induced by Plasmodium infection. In Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain (pbANKA)-infected C57BL/6 mice, the nanoparticles significantly attenuated Plasmodium-induced inflammation, apoptosis, and anemia. We observed reduced weight variation and prolonged survival time in pbANKA-challenged mice, and the nanoparticles showed good biocompatibility and negligible cytotoxicity. Conclusion Erythrocyte membrane-camouflaged nanoparticles loaded with artemether were shown to provide safe and effective protection against Plasmodium infection. Graphical Abstract
Background Based on understanding of placental pathological features and safe medication in pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM), establishment of a stable pregnant mouse infection model with Plasmodium was urgently needed.Methods ICR mice with vaginal plugs detected were randomly divided into post-pregnancy infection (Malaria+) and uninfected pregnancy (Malaria−) cohorts. Age-matched mice that had not been mated were infected as pre-pregnancy infection group (Virgin control), which were subsequently mated with ICR males. All mice were inoculated with 1×106 Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected RBCs by intraperitoneal injection, and the same amount of saline was given to Malaria− group. We recorded the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the amounts of offspring in each group.Results The Virgin group mice were unable to conceive normally, and vaginal bleeding, abortion, or stillbirth appeared in the Malaria+ group. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was extremely high and statistically significant compared with the control (Malaria−) group (P < 0.05), of which placenta exhibited pathological features associated with human gestational malaria.Conclusions The intraperitoneal injection of 1×106 Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected RBCs could establish a mouse model of post-pregnancy malaria infection.
Backgroud:Based on understanding of placental pathological features and safe medication in pregnancy-associated malaria (PAM), establishment of a stable pregnant mice infection model with Plasmodium was urgently needed. Methods: ICR mice were randomly divided into pre-pregnancy infection, post-pregnancy infection, and uninfected pregnancy cohorts. The mice were inoculated with 1×106 Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected RBCs by intraperitoneal injection, and the same amount of saline was given to uninfected pregnancy group. We recorded the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and the amounts of offspring in each group. Results: The pre-pregnancy infection group mice were unable to conceive normally, and vaginal bleeding, abortion, or stillbirth appeared in the post-pregnancy infection group. The incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes was extremely high and statistically significant compared with the control (Malaria-) group (P < 0.05), of which placenta exhibited pathological features associated with human gestational malaria. Conclusions: The intraperitoneal injection of 1×106 Plasmodium berghei ANKA-infected RBCs can establish a murine model of post-pregnancy malaria infection.
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