TLR5 may serve as a potential therapeutic target in NSCLC patients.

Shaoyao-Gancao-Tang (SGT) is a traditional Chinese prescription containing Radix Paeoniae alba and Radix Glycyrrhizae and is commonly used to relieve pains. Albiflorin and paeoniflorin are the main effective compounds of Radix Paeoniae alba, and the pharmacokinetic differences of the two compounds in rats after oral administration of SGT and single herb Paeony decoction were studied. At different time points (5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240, 360, and 540 min) after administration, plasma concentrations of albiflorin and paeoniflorin were determined using a simple and reliable UPLC method, and main pharmacokinetic parameters were evaluated. It was found that there were significant differences (p < 0.05 or p < 0.01) between the two groups. The results indicated that some components in the other ingredient herb of SGT (Radix Glycyrrhizae) had a pharmacokinetic interaction with albiflorin and paeoniflorin and hence reduced their systematic exposure level.

Aims: A case-control study of 300 gastric cancer patients and 300 controls was conducted to investigate whether the polymorphisms rs2294008 in PSCA and rs2070803 in MUC1 might be associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Chinese population. Methods: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Results: The data showed that the rs2294008 TT genotype increased gastric cancer risk to an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.26 (95%CI 1.25-4.07), TC to 1.72 (95%CI 1.23-2.42) and TC/TT to 1.81 (95% CI 1.31-2.50), while the rs2070803 GA genotype was associated with a decrease in risk to an adjusted OR of 0.42 (95% CI 0.28-0.62) and rs2070803 GA / AA to 0.46 (95% CI 0.32-0.67). Further stratification analysis revealed that rs2294008 in PSCA consistently increased risk of both intestinal and diffuse-type gastric cancers. The effect of rs2070803 in MUC1 was noteworthily also consistent with both subtypes. Conclusions: Our study suggested rs2294008 in the PSCA gene to be associated with increased risk of gastric cancer and rs2070803 in MUC1 to play a protective role in a Chinese population.

Rationale:Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is the most common type of ovarian carcinoma, and the leading cause of female genital tract cancer-related deaths. However, brain metastasis (BM) of EOC is rare, with an incidence of only 1% to 2%. Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC), accounting for 5% to 25% of all EOC cases, has a poor prognosis compared with other epithelial cell type carcinomas.Patient concerns:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of a 62-year-old female, who was hospitalized with the main complaint of BM detection for 1 month. She was first diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2004, and underwent a left oophorectomy. Three years later, the cancer metastasized to the other side, and she underwent a right oophorectomy, followed by 7 courses of platinum-based chemotherapy. She received regular follow-up, and tumor markers and pelvic imaging did not show any signs of progression until July 2012.Diagnosis:Combining the clinical manifestations with the results of radiological and pathological examinations, the findings were consistent with a diagnosis of BM from OCCC.Interventions:She received more than 20 courses of chemotherapy since July 2012. The BM was detected in 2016, and she underwent an intracranial lesion resection.Outcomes:Unfortunately, the patient went into a coma after the surgery, and passed away 1 month later.Lessons:For early detection of BM in long-term ovarian cancer, emphasis should be placed on the patient's neurological symptoms and signs as well as serum tumor marker changes. The combination of surgery, radiology, and chemotherapy may achieve long overall survival.

SGD administration for 14 consecutive days increased the metabolism of paclitaxel, while a 1-day pretreatment had little effect. The results would contribute important information to the study on interaction between Chinese medicines and chemotherapy and also help to utilize SGD better in the adjunctive therapy of cancer patients.

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Abstract.To evaluate the effect of thermoseed inductive heating on mammary orthotopic transplantation tumors and immunologic function in rats. Walker-256 tumor cells were inoculated subcutaneously into the mammary glands of Wistar rats. Rats were allocated to five treatment groups as follows: i) C group (control group); ii) M group (magnetic field group); iii) T group (thermoseed control group); iv) H 1 group (hyperthermia treatment, 45˚C for 30 min); v) H 2 group (hyperthermia treatment, 50-55˚C for 10 min). Immediately, 12 and 24 h after hyperthermia, two rats were sacrificed in each group for pathological and immunohistochemical examination of the expression of PCNA and HSP70. Tumor volume was measured and long-term survival was observed. The T lymphocyte subgroup IL-2 and IFN-Á levels were measured in C, H 1 and H 2 groups. Both types of hyperthermia induced necrosis and apoptosis in the tumor tissue, decreased tumor volume (P<0.05), and increased survival time (P<0.01). The expression of PCNA and HSP70 in hyperthermia group was significantly different compared to the C, M and T groups (P<0.05), Hyperthermia increased CD4 + T lymphocytes and the levels of IL-2 and IFN-Á (P<0.05). Both types of hyperthermia can suppress the growth of mammary tumors and improve immunological function of rats. IntroductionThermoseed inductive heating arose from radiofrequency ablation (RF) technology but has advantages over radio frequency, microwave and ultrasonic wave methods. In this method, thermoseeds are implanted into tumors and then hyperthermia is produced under an alternating magnetic field. The focused thermal energy on the tumor prevents damage to normal tissue, reduces heating time, shows uniform heat distribution and is minimally invasive (1,2). A single thermoseed can be heated repeatedly to produce therapeutic efficiency similar to surgery (3), with good efficacy and safety in animal experiments (4,5) and clinical research in brain tumors (6) and prostatic cancer (7,8).Hyperthermia has been used for many years to treat a wide variety of tumors in both experimental animals and patients (9-11). It is reported that hyperthermia can directly induce cell damage, necrosis or apoptosis (11-13) as well as activate immunological function (10,11). Hyperthermia methods include conventional hyperthermia (42-45˚C) (14), sub-hyperthermia (39.5-41˚C) (15) and thermal ablation (>50˚C) (16). Conventional hyperthermia and thermal ablation are useful for treating regional tumors. Ferromagnetic thermoseed hyperthermia has not been reported in mammary cancer treatment. In this study, we orthotopically transplanted Walker-256 mammary cancer cells to induce tumors in the rat mammary gland. Ferromagnetic thermoseeds at a Curie point of 61˚C may reach 45˚C for conventional hyperthermia or a Curie point of 78˚C may reach 50-55˚C for thermal ablation. We treated the mammary tumors with conventional hyperthermia or thermal ablation to evaluate the effect of heating on tumor growth and immunologic function of rats. Materials and methodsEsta...