As the strategies
of enzyme immobilization
possess attractive advantages that contribute to realizing recovery
or reuse of enzymes and improving their stability, they have become
one of the most desirable techniques in industrial catalysis, biosensing,
and biomedicine. Among them, 3D printing is the emerging and most
potential enzyme immobilization strategy. The main advantages of 3D
printing strategies for enzyme immobilization are that they can directly
produce complex channel structures at low cost, and the printed scaffolds
with immobilized enzymes can be completely modified just by changing
the original design graphics. In this review, a comprehensive set
of developments in the fields of 3D printing techniques, materials,
and strategies for enzyme immobilization and the potential applications
in industry and biomedicine are summarized. In addition, we put forward
some challenges and possible solutions for the development of this
field and some possible development directions in the future.
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