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Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), showing unusual growth patterns of uterine leiomyoma, is a rare neoplasm characterized by intravascular proliferation of a histologically benign-looking smooth muscle cell tumor mass, but not invading the tissue. To date, less than 300 cases have been reported and fewer than 100 cases with cardiac involvement. Imaging characteristics of IVL are still not clear so it is usually misdiagnosed before surgery. A 36-year-old woman, who had undergone hysterectomy due to hysteromyoma, presented with shortness of breath after activities. Imaging showed IVL with mass involvement of the left ovarian vein, left renal vein, left external and common iliac vein, as well as within the inferior vena cava (IVC), extending into the right atrium. The operation demonstrated that the mass had no stalk and had well-demarcated borders with the wall of the right atrium and IVC. The patient underwent a one-stage combined multidisciplinary thoraco-abdominal operation under general anesthetic. Subsequently, the pathology report confirmed IVL. IVL should be considered in a female patient presenting with an extensive mass in the right side of the heart. Imaging technology, such as echocardiogram, contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, can provide important information to reveal the mass, the range and path of the lesion, and relates to the surgical plan decision. Consequently, perfect and exact image examination is very necessary pre-operation.

During an outbreak of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Anhui Province of China, a door-to-door survey was conducted of all of the 10,024 residents of eight village communities. The incidence rates were higher in males than in females and higher in adults than in children. Of all the residents surveyed, however, those who had slept on the ground or had been engaged in heavy farm work were at a significantly higher risk of illness than were those who slept on wooden beds or did light work. Among men who did heavy farm work and who gave a history of sleeping in straw huts on the drained swamp, the attack rate was 2.33 times higher than it was for those sleeping exclusively in their permanent homes. Among both sexes, threshers had a significantly higher attack rate than did nonthreshers. Suspicions that trombiculid mites or gamasoid mites act as vehicles of transmission cannot be accepted as an explanation for the association of the risk of illness with the type of work done and with sleeping arrangements. Circumstantial evidence supports our hypotheses of airborne transmission and transmission by inoculation of infectious materials into skin lesions.

Determination of the histological subtypes of parotid gland masses might be possible based on CT findings and clinical data. A diagnostic strategy with high diagnostic efficiency was established.

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