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The vibrational spectroscopy of monohydrated dihydrogen phosphate anions, H2PO4(-)(H2O), is studied in the O-H stretching (2700-3900 cm(-1)) and the fingerprint regions (600-1800 cm(-1)). Assignment of the experimental infrared multiple photon photodissociation spectra based on the predicted harmonic spectra of energetically low-lying 0 K structures is not conclusive. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the water molecule undergoes large amplitude motion, even at low internal temperatures, and that the dipole time correlation function qualitatively captures the anharmonic effects of the low-barrier isomerization reaction on the infrared intensities.

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The effect of plasma actuator that uses saw-tooth or sine-wave shape electrodes on boundary layer flows is experimentally investigated. The measurement results are compared with a corresponding standard configuration (conventional design using two rectangular strip electrodes)-the actuator that produces a nearly two-dimensional horizontal wall jet upon actuation. PIV measurements are used to characterize the actuators in a quiescent chamber. Operating in a steady manner, the new actuators result in the formation of streamwise and spanwise vortices. That is to say, the new actuators render the plasma actuators inducing three-dimensional variations in the shear layer, offering significant flexibility in flow control. The affected flowfield with the new actuators is significantly larger than that with the conventional linear actuators. While the conventional linear actuators affect primarily the boundary layer flow on a scale of about 1 cm above the wall, the new actuators affect the near wall region at a significantly larger scale. This new design broadens the applicability and enhances the flow control effects and it is potentially a more efficient flow control device. flow control, plasma actuator, PIV

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