Bioinspired superhydrophobic coatings are of great interest in academic and industrial areas. However, their real-world applications are hindered by some main bottlenecks, especially the pollutive preparation methods (e.g., organic solvents and fluorinated compounds) and poor mechanical stability. Here, we report for the first time the totally waterborne, nonfluorinated, mechanically robust, and self-healing superhydrophobic coatings. The coatings were fabricated by spray-coating polyurethane (PU) aqueous solution and a hexadecyl polysiloxanemodified SiO 2 (SiO 2 @HD-POS) aqueous suspension onto substrates using PU as the adhesive. The SiO 2 @HD-POS suspension was synthesized by HCl-catalyzed reactions among hexadecyltrimethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, and SiO 2 nanoparticles. Besides high superhydrophobicity, the coatings exhibit exceptional mechanical stability against sandpaper abrasion for 200 cycles at 9.8 kPa and tape-peeling for 200 cycles at 90.5 kPa because of high durability and unique hierarchical macro-/nanostructure of the coating as well as solid lubrication of the SiO 2 @HD-POS nanoparticles fallen off from the coatings. The coatings also show fast and stable self-healing capability owing to migration of the healing agent (HD-POS) to the damaged surface. Moreover, the coatings exhibit good static and dynamic antiicing performance in outdoor environment (−15 °C, relative humidity = 54%). The superhydrophobic coatings may be used in various areas because the main bottlenecks have been successfully broken.
Bioinspired superamphiphobic coatings have garnered significant interests and great achievements are achieved; however, it is still difficult to move them to practical applications because of their pollutive preparation methods and poor stability. Here, preparation of totally waterborne and highly durable superamphiphobic coatings is reported by spray‐coating adhesive layers and a homogeneous suspension formed by hydrolytic condensation of silanes with SiO2 nanoparticles in water. The surface structure and chemical composition, superamphiphobicity, mechanical and chemical stability, anti‐icing and anticorrosion performances are studied by various analytical techniques and methods. The coatings feature i) a unique three‐tier macro/micro/nanostructure, ii) high contact angles and low sliding angles for not only various room temperature liquids but also hot liquids up to 92 °C, iii) high mechanical stability against intensive sandpaper abrasion, tape‐peeling, and water jetting, and iv) exceptional long‐term chemical stability even in aqua regia, saturated NaOH and boiling water. Furthermore, the coatings on Mg alloy show excellent anti‐icing performance in actual outdoor environment and excellent anticorrosion performance in salt spray test. The waterborne and highly durable superamphiphobic coatings may be used in various fields, as the coatings with high repellency even to hot liquids can be applied onto various substrates.
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