The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is the most important obstacle to improving the clinical outcomes of diagnosis and therapy of glioblastoma. Thus, the development of a novel nanoplatform that can efficiently traverse the BBB and achieve both precise diagnosis and therapy is of great importance. Herein, an intelligent nanoplatform based on holo‐transferrin (holo‐Tf) with in situ growth of MnO2 nanocrystals is constructed via a reformative mild biomineralization process. Furthermore, protoporphyrin (ppIX), acting as a sonosensitizer, is then conjugated into holo‐Tf to obtain MnO2@Tf‐ppIX nanoparticles (TMP). Because of the functional inheritance of holo‐Tf during fabrication, TMP can effectively traverse the BBB for highly specific magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of orthotopic glioblastoma. Clear suppression of tumor growth in a C6 tumor xenograft model is achieved via sonodynamic therapy. Importantly, the experiments also indicate that the TMP nanoplatform has satisfactory biocompatibility and biosafety, which favors potential clinical translation.

Background Lymph‐vascular space invasion (LVSI) is an unfavorable prognostic factor in cervical cancer. Unfortunately, there are no current clinical tools for the preoperative prediction of LVSI. Purpose To develop and validate an axial T 1 contrast‐enhanced (CE) MR‐based radiomics nomogram that incorporated a radiomics signature and some clinical parameters for predicting LVSI of cervical cancer preoperatively. Study Type Retrospective. Population In all, 105 patients were randomly divided into two cohorts at a 2:1 ratio. Field Strength/Sequence T 1 CE MRI sequences at 1.5T. Assessment Univariate analysis was performed on the radiomics features and clinical parameters. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the optimal feature subset. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the performance of prediction model and radiomics nomogram. Statistical Tests The Mann–Whitney U ‐test and the chi‐square test were used to evaluate the performance of clinical characteristics and LVSI status by pathology. The minimum‐redundancy/maximum‐relevance and recursive feature elimination methods were applied to select the features. The radiomics model was constructed using logistic regression. Results Three radiomics features and one clinical characteristic were selected. The radiomics nomogram showed favorable discrimination between LVSI and non‐LVSI groups. The AUC was 0.754 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6326–0.8745) in the training cohort and 0.727 (95% CI, 0.5449–0.9097) in the validation cohort. The specificity and sensitivity were 0.756 and 0.828 in the training cohort and 0.773 and 0.692 in the validation cohort. Data Conclusion T 1 CE MR‐based radiomics nomogram serves as a noninvasive biomarker in the prediction of LVSI in patients with cervical cancer preoperatively. Level of Evidence : 4 Technical Efficacy : Stage 2 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;49:1420–1426.

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Purpose To evaluate radiomic features extracted from standard static images (20–40 min p.i.), early summation images (5–15 min p.i.), and dynamic [18F]FET PET images for the prediction of TERTp-mutation status in patients with IDH-wildtype high-grade glioma. Methods A total of 159 patients (median age 60.2 years, range 19–82 years) with newly diagnosed IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic glioma (WHO grade III or IV) and dynamic [18F]FET PET prior to surgical intervention were enrolled and divided into a training (n = 112) and a testing cohort (n = 47) randomly. First-order, shape, and texture radiomic features were extracted from standard static (20–40 min summation images; TBR20–40), early static (5–15 min summation images; TBR5–15), and dynamic (time-to-peak; TTP) images, respectively. Recursive feature elimination was used for feature selection by 10-fold cross-validation in the training cohort after normalization, and logistic regression models were generated using the radiomic features extracted from each image to differentiate TERTp-mutation status. The areas under the ROC curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value were calculated to illustrate diagnostic power in both the training and testing cohort. Results The TTP model comprised nine selected features and achieved highest predictability of TERTp-mutation with an AUC of 0.82 (95% confidence interval 0.71–0.92) and sensitivity of 92.1% in the independent testing cohort. Weak predictive capability was obtained in the TBR5–15 model, with an AUC of 0.61 (95% CI 0.42–0.80) in the testing cohort, while no predictive power was observed in the TBR20–40 model. Conclusions Radiomics based on TTP images extracted from dynamic [18F]FET PET can predict the TERTp-mutation status of IDH-wildtype diffuse astrocytic high-grade gliomas with high accuracy preoperatively.

Near‐infrared emissive (NIR) porphyrin‐implanted carbon nanodots (PCNDs or MPCNDs) are prepared by selectively carbonization of free base or metal complexes [M = Zn(II) or Mn(III)] of tetra‐(meso‐aminophenyl)porphyrin in the presence of citric acid. The as‐prepared nanodots exhibit spontaneously NIR emission, small size, good aqueous dispersibility, and favorable biocompatibility characteristic of both porphyrins and pristine carbon nanodots. The subcellular localization experiment of nanodots indicates a lysosome‐targeting feature. And the in vitro photodynamic therapy (PDT) results on HeLa cells indicate the nanodots alone have no adverse effect on tumor cells, but display remarkable photodynamic efficacy upon irradiation. Moreover, MnPCNDs containing paramagnetic Mn(III) ions, which possesses good biocompatibility, NIR luminescence, and magnetic resonance imaging and efficient singlet oxygen production, are further studied in magnetic resonance imaging‐guided photodynamic therapy in vivo.

We have demonstrated phosphor-free color-tunable monolithic GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) by inserting an ultrathin 1-nm-thick InGaN shallow quantum well (QW) between deep InGaN QWs and GaN barriers. Without using any phosphors, this monolithic LED chip can be tuned to realize wide-range multicolor emissions from red to yellow under different injection currents. In partical, when the injection current reaches an upper level above 100 mA, the LEDs will achieve white emission with a very high color rending index (CRI) of 85.6. This color-tunable characteristic is attributed to the carrier redistribution in the shallow/deep QWs and the energy band filling effect as well.

InGaN-based green light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with low-indium-composition shallow quantum well (SQW) inserted before the InGaN emitting layer are investigated theoretically and experimentally. Numerical simulation results show an increase of the overlap of electron-hole wave functions and a reduction of electrostatic field within the active region of the SQW LED, compared to those of the conventional LED. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements exhibit reduced full width at half maximum (FWHM) and increased PL intensity for the SQW LED. A 28.9% enhancement of output power at 150 mA for SQW LED chips of 256 Â 300 m 2 size is achieved.

Constructing nanosystems that synergistically combine therapeutic and diagnostic features is of great interest to the nanomedicine community but also remains a tremendous challenge.Methods: In this work, we report novel catalytic nanoparticles composed of the enzyme catalase, encapsulated in a polymer shell and surface decorated with pH-sensitive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEGylated nCAT). These nanoparticles were used as a promoter for ultrasound (US)-guided focused ultrasound (FUS) ablation and hypoxia alleviation for application in Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy.Results: The PEGylated nCAT produced highly effectively O2 from endogenous H2O2 to ameliorate the hypoxic and therefore poor-acoustic tumor environment. The generated O2 was utilized as 1) a contrast agent for US imaging; 2) strengthening agent for FUS ablation and 3) normoxia inducer to enhance chemotherapeutic efficacy. The PEGylated nCAT exhibited favorable enzyme activity after long-term storage, and after exposure to proteolytic conditions and elevated temperatures. The pH-responsive PEGylation contributed on the one hand to an extended in vivo circulation time over 48 h and on the other hand enabled PEG cleavage in the vicinity of cancer cells to facilitate cellular uptake.Conclusion: The developed PEGylated nCAT can therefore effectively combine US-guided FUS and chemotherapy and can be regarded as a highly promising theranostic platform.