In remanufacturing research, most researchers predominantly emphasized on the recovery of whole product (core) rather than at the component level due to its complexity. In contrast, this paper addresses the challenges to focus on remanufacturing through component recovery, so as to solve production planning problems of hybrid remanufacturing and manufacturing systems (RMS). To deal with the uncertainties of quality and quantity of product returns, the processing time of remanufacturing, remanufacturing costs, as well as market demands, a robust optimization model were developed in this research and a case study was used to evaluate its effectiveness and efficiency.To strengthen this research, a sensitivity analysis of the uncertain parameters and the OEM's pricing strategy was also conducted. The research finding shows that the market demand volatility leads to a significant increase in the under-fulfilment and a reduction in OEM's profit. On the other hand, recovery cost reduction, as endogenous cost saving, encourages the OEM to produce more remanufactured products with the increase of market demand. Furthermore, the OEM may risk profit loss if they raise the price of new products, and inversely, they could gain more if the price of remanufactured products is raised.
Medium frequency (less than 12 MHz) Power Line Communication (PLC) and micro-power wireless Radio Frequency (RF) communication dual-mode communication technology can realize the depth and breadth coverage of the power Internet of Things (IoT) and enhance the robustness of the network. But dual-mode communication also brings difficulties to the application of the RPL protocol. According to the characteristics of PLC and RF dual-mode communication technology, the routing communication delay is the optimization objective function, and a routing metric algorithm of RPL routing protocol is proposed. The RPL protocol is applied to the dual-mode communication in power Internet of Things. Experiments show that the proposed algorithm has higher communication efficiency and can meet the needs of dual-mode communication hybrid networking and operation. It is a feasible method.
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