Crowdsourcing and Internet of Things (IoT) are gaining more and more attention both in industry and academia in order to explore their effects on disaster relief. The current state of the literature shows a clear focus on the extent to which crowdsourcing on one hand, or IoT on the other hand, can individually make a difference regarding disaster response, but very few studies have considered the integration of both crowdsourcing and internet of things in order to link them with disaster response. Accordingly, in this paper, the authors have attempted to develop a crowdsourcing and IoT integration model which could help improving disaster response by using important value derived from using both social media and RFID technology. Furthermore, despite the fact that disaster relief offers similarities with epidemic transmission, (especially the SIR model), the application of SIR model in disaster relief still remains unexplored, which has led the authors to conduct a series of SIR modelbased simulations to investigate the extent to which such integration model helps improving disaster response.
Dual-channel, as a significant retail strategy, has got more and more attention for academia and industry. While most literature focus on the conflicts between traditional channel and online channel, there are few works consider the conflicts of online retail channels. This paper focuses on the pricing and bargaining strategy of manufacturer and e-retailer under hybrid operational patterns which are adopted by e-commerce platforms. The operational patterns are divided into two types: other-organization e-pattern, such as Amazon, and self-organization e-pattern, such as Alibaba. We consider the commission charge which is collected by self-organization e-platform; and the analysis reveals that a fixed commission only has an effect on the total profit of manufacturer, but a variable commission would influence the wholesale price of other-organization e-platform and e-retail prices of both e-platforms, respectively. The results also suggest that, the wholesale price and the e-retail price are both affected by the service quality and this effect is also influenced by the variable commission. In addition, we also discuss the possibility of the manufacturer and e-retailer adjust their pricing strategy based on big data implementation.
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