BackgroundA Krukenberg tumour (KT) is defined as an ovarian metastasis from a gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma and suggests a terminal condition. This study aimed to identify the prognostic factors affecting the survival of patients with KTs of colorectal origin who receive cytoreductive surgery.MethodsMedical records of patients who had received cytoreductive surgery and had been pathologically diagnosed with KT of colorectal origin in two centres were reviewed. Information about the patients’ clinicopathological features and follow-up visit were collected. Factors influencing patient survival were analysed.ResultsFifty-seven patients were included in this study. The median survival time was 35 months. Five-year overall survival was 25%. Patients who had recurrence 2 years after resection of the primary tumour, achieved complete cytoreduction, had metastases confined to the pelvis, had no lymph node involvement, and received systemic chemotherapy had a significantly longer median survival than those who had recurrence at the same time as resection of the primary tumour (P = 0.027), received incomplete cytoreduction (P < 0.001), had metastases beyond the pelvis (P < 0.001), had lymph node involvement (P = 0.011), and did not receive systemic chemotherapy (P = 0.006) on log-rank test. Less extensive metastatic disease, achievement of complete cytoreduction, and use of systemic chemotherapy were significantly associated with improved prognosis on multivariate analysis.ConclusionsCytoreductive surgery may confer survival benefits in patients with KTs of colorectal origin who attain complete cytoreduction and whose metastases are confined to the pelvis and when combined with active systemic chemotherapy.

SENP3, a sentrin/SUMO2/3-specific protease, is recognized as a transcriptional factor that accumulates under cellular oxidative stress and plays a significant role in the removal of SUMO2/3 modification. In our study, we examined a TCGA dataset and found that the transcripts per million (TPM) value of SENP3 is high in sarcoma, including osteosarcoma (OS). We found that SENP3 was highly expressed in OS cancer tissues when compared with osteofibrous dysplasia tissues. The survival data of SENP3 in TCGA showed that the sarcoma patients with higher SENP3 expression levels showed poor prognosis. In vitro, SENP3 knockdown in OS cancer cells inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and induced apoptosis. In contrast, SENP3 overexpression reversed these effects. Next, we found that SENP3 inhibited the expression of E-cadherin (E-Cad) by increasing methylation of the E-Cad promoter. Finally, E-Cad expression was increased in the OS cell line MG63 following methylation, and the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capacity were decreased. In summary, SENP3 played a significant role in OS carcinogenesis and may act as a potential biomarker in the diagnosis and treatment of OS.

Various studies have investigated laryngeal function and survival after induction chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma, but potential factors to help predict response rates after induction chemotherapy remain unknown. This retro- spective study evaluated which factors are related to an ineffective response to two-cycle docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluoro- uracil (TPF) induction chemotherapy in hypopharyngeal carcinoma to determine potential candidates for this treatment in clinical practice. From Jan 2005 to Dec 2015, 81 patients diagnosed with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma based on a pathological examination were analyzed. They were administered two-cycle TPF induction chemotherapy, and magnetic resonance imaging was performed before and after induction chemotherapy. The mean survival time was 5.7 years (95% confidence interval, 5.1-6.2 years). The 1, 3, 5 and 6-year survival rates were 98.8%, 80.1%, 64.5%, and 54.2%, respectively. TPF induction chemotherapy was well tolerated; the main adverse effects resolved with symptomatic treatment. A response to TPF induction chemotherapy was associated with lymph node size, tumor grade, invasion region, T stage, and primary tumor. The following issues were significantly associated with an increasing non-response rate to two-cycle induction chemotherapy: increasing lymph node size, moderately differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, invasion of the esophagus along with the thyroid cartilage, and primary tumor in the piriform sinus. Lymph nodes of ≥2.15 cm, moderately differenti- ated tumor grade, or thyroid cartilage invasion were the best cutoff values for patients who did not respond to induction chemotherapy. However, the initial cancer site, cancer stage, and degree of cancer differentiation were not closely related to the efficacy of induction chemotherapy.

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IntroductionPancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) leads to higher rates of complications, including cholangitis,pancreatitis, and malignancies. The present study was to investigat the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and their potential role as biomarkers in children with pancreaticobiliary maljunction.Material and methodsThe differential expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs from 15 pediatric patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction and 15 control subjects were analyzed using a commercial microarray and validated with qRT-PCR. The potential biological functions of differentially expressed genes were explored based on Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment. The ability of potential lncRNA biomarkers to predict pancreaticobiliary maljunction was assessed based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).ResultsThere were 2915 mRNAs and 173 lncRNAs upregulated, and 2121 mRNAs and 316 lncRNAs downregulated in pancreaticobiliary maljunction cases compared to controls. The enriched Gene Ontology categories associated with differentially expressed mRNAs were extracellular matrix, extracellular region, and kinetochore. The most enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia pathway was protein digestion and absorption, which has been associated with cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling. Analysis of cis- and trans-target genes predicted that a single lncRNA was able to regulate several mRNAs. The qRT-PCR results for NR_110876, NR_132344, XR_946886, and XR_002956345 were consistent with the microarray results, and the difference was statistically significant for NR_132344, XR_946886, and XR_002956345 (p < 0.05). AUC was significant only for XR_946886 (0.837, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur results implicate lncRNAs in common bile duct pathogenesis in pancreaticobiliary maljunction, and they identify XR_946886 as a potential biomarker for the disease.

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Background The present study was aimed to investigate the expression profile of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and its potential as biomarker for pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM). Methods The differential expression of lncRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) from 15 pediatric patients with PBM and 15 control subjects were analyzed with microArray and validated with quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Gene Ontology enrichment and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were used to investigate the biological functions of these genes. The area under curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to predict the biomarker of lncRNA in PBM. Results There were 2915 mRNAs and 173 lncRNAs upregulated, 2121 mRNAs and 316 lncRNAs downregulated in PBM cases, respectively. The enriched GO associated with differentially expressed mRNA were extracellular matrix, extracellular region and kinetochore. The most enriched pathway of Protein digestion and absorption was associated with cancer and PI3K-Akt signaling. Cis- and Trans-target gene analysis indicated that mRNAs were predicted to be regulated by one lncRNA and one mRNA corresponded to several lncRNAs. The results showed that the expression trends of NR_110876, NR_132344, XR_946886 and XR_002956345 were consistent with the microarray results, and the difference was statistically significant NR_132344, XR_946886 and XR_002956345 (P < 0.05).The AUC of ROC curve was significant only for XR_946886 (0.837, P < 0.001). Conclusion The present study indicated that lncRNAs were involved the pathogenesis of common bile duct in PBM and XR_946886 would be biomarkers for PMB.

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