Immune checkpoint blockade therapy has been successful in treating some types of cancers but has not shown clinical benefits for treating leukemia 1 . This result suggests that leukemia exploits unique escape mechanisms. Certain immune inhibitory receptors that are expressed by normal immune cells are also present on leukemia cells. It remains unknown whether these receptors can initiate immune-related primary signaling in tumor cells. Here we show that LILRB4, an ITIM-containing receptor and a monocytic leukemia marker, supports tumor cell infiltration into tissues and suppresses T cell activity via ApoE/LILRB4/SHP-2/uPAR/Arginase-1 signaling axis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. Blocking LILRB4 signaling using knockout and antagonistic antibody approaches impeded AML development. Thus, LILRB4 orchestrates tumor invasion pathways in monocytic leukemia cells by creating an immune-suppressive microenvironment. LILRB4 represents a compelling target for treatment of monocytic AML.

materials play a determined role in offering high performance for supercapacitors. There are usually two ways to enhance the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors. One is exploring new electrode materials with high surface area and conductivity, such as advanced carbonbased materials, and the other one is constructing reasonable electrode structure with unimpeded electron and ion pathways. [4][5][6][7][8] To date, many efforts have been dedicated to developing a variety of carbonaceous materials with different morphologies, such as CNT, AC, graphene, carbon nanofibers, whereas less attention has been focused on the optimization of carbon-based electrode structures. [9][10][11][12][13] How to properly design and regulate the electrode microstructures (electrode architecture engineering) based on the existed materials using advanced fabrication and assembly methods to further optimize the performance is also of great significance.A few fabrication and assembly methods, such as vacuum filtration, [14] freeze-casting, [15] solvothermal gelation, [16] and chemical vapor deposition (CVD), [17] have been proposed to adjust the carbon-based electrode architectures. However, for the CVD method, it is expensive and not scalable, and the obtained electrode structures are generally fragile. The electrode architecture prepared by the vacuum filtration, freeze-casting and solvothermal gelation is largely stochastic and highly tortuous, which greatly hinders electrolyte ion transport. Thus, the controllable and scalable electrode fabrication with tailored architectures remains a great challenge. [18] The extrusion-based Developing advanced supercapacitors with both high areal and volumetric energy densities remains challenging. In this work, self-supported, compact carbon composite electrodes are designed with tunable thickness using 3D printing technology for high-energy-density supercapacitors. The 3D carbon composite electrodes are composed of the closely stacked and aligned active carbon/carbon nanotube/reduced graphene oxide (AC/CNT/rGO) composite filaments. The AC microparticles are uniformly embedded in the wrinkled CNT/rGO conductive networks without using polymer binders, which contributes to the formation of abundant open and hierarchical pores. The 3D-printed ultrathick AC/CNT/rGO composite electrode (ten layers) features high areal and volumetric mass loadings of 56.9 mg cm −2 and 256.3 mg cm −3 , respectively. The symmetric cell assembled with the 3D-printed thin GO separator and ultrathick AC/CNT/rGO electrodes can possess both high areal and volumetric capacitances of 4.56 F cm −2 and 10.28 F cm −3 , respectively. Correspondingly, the assembled ultrathick and compact symmetric cell achieves high areal and volumetric energy densities of 0.63 mWh cm −2 and 1.43 mWh cm −3 , respectively. The all-component extrusion-based 3D printing offers a promising strategy for the fabrication of multiscale and multidimensional structures of various high-energy-density electrochemical energy storage devices. 3D-Printed S...

The existence of natural van der Waals gaps in layered materials allows them to be easily intercalated with varying guest species, offering an appealing strategy to optimize their physicochemical properties and application performance. Herein, we report the activation of layered MoO 3 nanobelts via aqueous intercalation as an efficient biodegradable nanozyme for tumor-specific photo-enhanced catalytic therapy. The long MoO 3 nanobelts are grinded and then intercalated with Na + and H 2 O to obtain the short Na + /H 2 O co-intercalated MoO 3À x (NHÀ MoO 3À x ) nanobelts. In contrast to the inert MoO 3 nanobelts, the NHÀ MoO 3À x nanobelts exhibit excellent enzyme-mimicking catalytic activity for generation of reactive oxygen species, which can be further enhanced by the photothermal effect under a 1064 nm laser irradiation. Thus, after bovine serum albumin modification, the NHÀ MoO 3À x nanobelts can efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro and eliminate tumors in vivo facilitating with 1064 nm laser irradiation.

Solar-driven seawater evaporation is usually achieved on floating evaporators, but the performances are substantially limited by high evaporation enthalpy, solid salt crystallization, and reduced evaporation due to inclined sunlight. To solve these problems, we fabricated hierarchical polyacrylonitrile@copper sulfide (PAN@CuS) fabrics and proposed a prototype of heliotropic evaporator. Hierarchical PAN@CuS fabrics show significantly decreased water-evaporation enthalpy (1956.32 kJ kg −1 , 40 °C), compared with that of pure water (2406.17 kJ kg −1 , 40 °C), because of the disorganization of the hydrogen bonds at the CuS interfaces. Based on this fabric, a heliotropic evaporation model was developed, where seawater slowly flows from high to low in the fabric. Under solar irradiation (1.0 kW m −2 ), this model exhibits a high-rate evaporation (∼2.27 kg m −2 h −1 ) and saturated brine production without solid salt crystallization. In particular, under inclined sunlight (angle range: from −90°to +90°), the heliotropic model retains an almost unchanged solar evaporation rate, whereas the floating model shows severe evaporation reduction (83.9%). Therefore, our study provides a strategy for reducing the evaporation enthalpy, maximally utilizing solar energy and continuous salt-free desalination.

Photothermal therapy (PTT), a local heating photothermal effect induced by a near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation, is a promising method for ablating tumors with poorly vascularized microenvironment. [1] The local heating with a high temporal and spatial control can be realized by using an NIR light Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) nanomaterials, specially MoS 2 , are proven to be appealing nanoagents for photothermal cancer therapies. However, the impact of the crystal phase of TMDs on their performance in photoacoustic imaging (PAI) and photothermal therapy (PTT) remains unclear. Herein, the preparation of ultrasmall single-layer MoS 2 nanodots with different phases (1T and 2H phase) is reported to explore their phasedependent performances as nanoagents for PAI guided PTT in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) window. Significantly, the 1T-MoS 2 nanodots give a much higher extinction coefficient (25.6 L g −1 cm −1) at 1064 nm and subsequent photothermal power conversion efficiency (PCE: 43.3%) than that of the 2H-MoS 2 nanodots (extinction coefficient: 5.3 L g −1 cm −1 , PCE: 21.3%). Moreover, the 1T-MoS 2 nanodots also give strong PAI signals as compared to negligible signals of 2H-MoS 2 nanodots in the NIR-II window. After modification with polyvinylpyrrolidone, the 1T-MoS 2 nanodots can be used as a highly efficient agent for PAI guided PTT to effectively ablate cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo under 1064 nm laser irradiation. This work proves that the crystal phase plays a key role in determining the performance of nanoagents based on TMD nanomaterials for PAI guided PTT.

This review summarizes the recent advances in layered double hydroxide (LDH)-based nanomaterials for biomedical applications including drug/gene delivery, bioimaging diagnosis, cancer therapy, biosensing, tissue engineering, and anti-bacteria.

From the perspective of the chromophore, 1,1,2,2-tetrakis­(4-(pyridin-4-yl)­phenyl)­ethane (TPPE) with the π-electron-rich tetraphenylethylene (TPE) and aggregation induced emission feature is selected as functional ligand to construct the fluorescent metal–organic frameworks. Three luminescent MOFs (1–3) have been successfully synthesized. Through combining 4,4′,4″-nitrilotrisbenzoic acid (H3TNB) with electron-donor triphenylamine (TPA), the highly porous pillared-layer compound 1 [Zn3(TPPE)1/2(TNB)2]­(4DMA·7H2O) was synthesized; interestingly, this MOF sensor film realizes the fast detection for nitrobenzene compounds with a response time of less than 3 min as well as good recyclability. Compound 2 [Zn7(TPPE)2(SO4 2–)7]­(DMF·H2O) exhibits the clear “turn-off” quenching responses for Cr2O7 2– in aqueous phase with high selectivity and sensitivity. Meanwhile, the fluorescent properties of compound 3 [Zn2(TPPE)3/2(NO3 –)­(OH–)­(H2O)]­(DMF·2H2O) were also investigated. Thus, these MOF materials could serve as the promising platform for luminescent sensing.

The booming market of portable and wearable electronics has aroused the requests for advanced flexible selfpowered energy systems featuring both excellent performance and high safety. Herein, we report a safe, flexible, self-powered wristband system by integrating high-performance zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) with perovskite solar cells (PSCs). ZIBs were first fabricated on the basis of a defective MnO 2−x nanosheetgrown carbon cloth (MnO 2−x @CC), which was obtained via the simple lithium treatment of the MnO 2 nanosheets to slightly expand the interlayer spacing and generate rich oxygen vacancies. When used as a ZIB cathode, the MnO 2−x @CC with a ultrahigh mass loading (up to 25.5 mg cm −2 ) exhibits a much enhanced specific capacity (3.63 mAh cm −2 at current density of 3.93 mA cm −2 ), rate performance, and long cycle stability (no obvious degradation after 5000 cycles) than those of the MnO 2 @CC. Importantly, the MnO 2−x @CC-based quasi-solid-state ZIB not only achieves excellent flexibility and an ultrahigh energy density of 5.11 mWh cm −2 (59.42 mWh cm −3 ) but also presents a high safety under a wide temperature range and various severe conditions. More importantly, the flexible ZIBs can be integrated with flexible PSCs to construct a safe, selfpowered wristband, which is able to harvest light energy and power a commercial smart bracelet. This work sheds light on the development of high-performance ZIB cathodes and thus offers a good strategy to construct wearable self-powered energy systems for wearable electronics.