Intercalation‐Activated Layered MoO₃ Nanobelts as Biodegradable Nanozymes for Tumor‐Specific Photo‐Enhanced Catalytic Therapy

Abstract

The existence of natural van der Waals gaps in layered materials allows them to be easily intercalated with varying guest species, offering an appealing strategy to optimize their physicochemical properties and application performance. Herein, we report the activation of layered MoO 3 nanobelts via aqueous intercalation as an efficient biodegradable nanozyme for tumor-specific photo-enhanced catalytic therapy. The long MoO 3 nanobelts are grinded and then intercalated with Na + and H 2 O to obtain the short Na + /H 2 O co-intercalated MoO 3À x (NHÀ MoO 3À x ) nanobelts. In contrast to the inert MoO 3 nanobelts, the NHÀ MoO 3À x nanobelts exhibit excellent enzyme-mimicking catalytic activity for generation of reactive oxygen species, which can be further enhanced by the photothermal effect under a 1064 nm laser irradiation. Thus, after bovine serum albumin modification, the NHÀ MoO 3À x nanobelts can efficiently kill cancer cells in vitro and eliminate tumors in vivo facilitating with 1064 nm laser irradiation.

Recent Progress of Metal-Organic Framework-Based Photodynamic Therapy for Cancer Treatment

“…The post-synthetic surface modification of porphyrin-based MOFs can be an effective method to enhance PDT efficiency. At present, this strategy has also been widely used in PDT antitumor therapy of porphyrin MOFs, 78 such as cell-penetrating peptide modification, 79 folic acid (FA) modification, 80 , 81 hyaluronic acid (HA) 82 modification, erythrocyte membrane modification, 83 cancer cell membrane modification, 75 , 84 exosome modification, 85 metal nanoparticles modification, 86 nanoenzyme modification, 87 etc. Different surface modifications have different functions to porphyrin-based MOFs.…”

Size-Induced Highly Selective Synthesis of Organometallic Rectangular Macrocycles and Heterometallic Cage Based on Half-Sandwich Rhodium Building Block

“…In recent years, the design and synthesis of coordination supramolecular compounds have made tremendous advances due to their various potential applications in catalysis, host-guest chemistry, nanomaterials, separation, etc. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. These studies have attracted the attention of many scientists and have gradually become a hot topic in the field of supramolecular chemistry, as demonstrated by the work of Sauvage, Stoddart, Stang, Jin and others [9][10][11][12][13].…”

Preparation of Dye Molecule‐Intercalated MoO3 Organic/Inorganic Superlattice Nanoparticles for Fluorescence Imaging‐Guided Catalytic Therapy

“…Promisingly, various kinds of promising nanozymes have been designed and synthesized for catalytic cancer therapy in the last decade. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] Among them, because of their low toxicity, excellent biodegradability and variable Mo valence states, molybdenum oxide nanomaterials, such as MoO 3-x nanourchins, Fe-MoO v nanoparticles, Na + /H 2 O-MoO 3-x nanobelts and MoO 3-x nanodots, have been developed as affective nanozymes for tumor-specific catalytic therapy. [37][38][39][40] However, most of the current reported moly bdenum oxide-based nanozymes can only realize tumorspecific anticancer treatment, and only a few can achieve the tumor diagnosis and treatment simultaneously.…”