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In this study, chitosan/alginic acid/zinc oxide (CHI/AA/ZnO) nanostructured hydrogel sponges were fabricated by incorporating ZnO nanoparticles (<100 nm) into polymer matrix to develop a new potential biomaterial for hemorrhage control. For this purpose, the crosslinked CHI/AA/ZnO nanostructured sponges were synthesized by freeze‐drying technique. Genipin was used as a crosslinker. The prepared chitosan‐based sponges were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy—energy‐dispersive spectroscopy analysis. The effects of ZnO content on the physicochemical characteristics of sponge‐like nanostructured hydrogels were evaluated by swelling ratio in two different pH values. Physical immobilization of dexamethasone as a model drug in hydrogel matrix resulted sustained release of drug more than 3 days. Antibacterial activity of hydrogel sponges was assessed against Staphylococcus aureus. The cytotoxicity and hemostatic efficacy of crosslinked CHI/AA/ZnO sponge like‐nanostructured hydrogels was evaluated in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The results of this study demonstrated that the prepared CHI/AA/ZnO nanostructured sponge had the potential to be an antibacterial topical hemostat. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019, 136, 47522.

In this study, modified kappa-carrageenan/pectin hydrogel patches were fabricated for treatment of buccal fungal infections. For this purpose, kappa-carrageenan-gacrylic acid was modified with different thiolated agents (L-cysteine and 3-mercaptopropionic acid), and the thiol content of the resulting modified kappacarrageenan was confirmed by elemental analyzer. Then, the hydrogel patches were fabricated, and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, ex vivo mucoadhesion test, and swelling behavior.Triamcinolone acetonide was added either directly or by encapsulating within the poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles. The release amount of the drug from the directly loaded patch was 7.81 mg/g polymer, while it was 3.28 mg/g polymer for the encapsulated patch with the same content at 7 hr. The hydrogel patches had no cytotoxicity by cell culture studies. Finally, the drug loaded hydrogel patches were demonstrated antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus flavus.These results provide that the novel modified kappa-carrageenan and pectin based buccal delivery system has promising antifungal property, and could have advantages compared to conventional buccal delivery systems.antifungal activity, buccal drug delivery, thiolated kappa-carrageenan, triamcinolone acetonide | INTRODUCTIONUlcerative diseases in the mucous membrane of the buccal cavity are observed as a result of a wide etiological reasons such like infections, traumas, immunological disorders, or side effects of some drugs. 1,2 Amongst these, mucocutaneous diseases are observed frequently such as lichen planus, 3 aphthous stomatitis, 4 erythema multiforme, and Behçet's disease. 5 Conventional drug applied to the oral mucosa are generally in the form of in situ gels, 6 pastes, 7 or mouthwashes. 8 These forms have some drawbacks due to causing high-level drug concentration and in the oral cavity for a short period of time. 9 Therefore, the desired therapeutic drug concentration for mucosal and transmucosal absorption could not be adequately provided for healing. To overcome the limitations of the conventional delivery systems, use of oral mucoadhesive systems in the topical treatment of oral ulcerative diseases is a more rational approach. The oral mucoadhesive systems could be prepared in various forms such as buccal adhesive patches, films, and tablets. 10,11

Bu çalışmanın amacı, potansiyel yara örtüsü olarak ilaç taşıyıcı-yeni bir karboksil modifiyeli poli(vinil alkol)-çapraz bağlı ipek fibroin esaslı hidrojel filmi (İF/PVA) geliştirmektir. Çapraz bağlı hidrojellerin hazırlanması için poli(vinil alkol) (PVA), karboksil modifiye poli(vinil alkol) (PVA-COOH) verecek şekilde süksinik anhidrit (SA) ile modifiye edilmiş, FTIR ve 1 H NMR analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir.Takiben çözücü döküm yöntemi ile 1-etil-3-(3dimetilaminopropil) karbodiimid (EDC) ve n-hidroksisüksinimid (NHS) varlığında farklı konsantrasyonlarda PVA-COOH ve ipek fibroin (İF) esaslı bir seri hidrojel filmler hazırlanmıştır. Elde edilen filmlerin yapıları FTIR ve XRD analizleri ile karakterize edilmiş, yüzey morfolojileri optik mikroskop altında incelenmiş, şişme davranışları ve mekaniksel dayanım özellikleri belirlenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen sitotoksisite testleri ile sentezlenen İF/PVA membran yara örtülerinin toksik olmadığı bulunmuştur. Optimum özelliklere sahip İF/PVA hidrojel filmine model ilaç olarak kuersetin yüklenmiş, etken madde yüklü filmlerin fosfat tamponu ortamında (pH:7,4) salım davranış profili incelenmiştir. Gerçekleştirilen in vitro yara modeli (çizik testi) sonuçları, 10 güne kadar kontrollü kuersetin salım profili gösteren İF/PVA filminin potansiyel ilaç taşıyıcı bir yara örtüsü olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.

Bu çalışmada, farklı oranlarda çift katmanlı hidroksit bileşikleri (LDH) içeren bir seri jelatin-metakrilat (JelMA)/ İpek fibroin (J/IF LDH) doku iskeleleri hazırlanmış, LDH nanopartiküllerinin fiziksel, kimyasal, mekaniksel ve biyolojik özellikleri üzerine etkileri ve kemik dokusu olarak kullanılabilirliği araştırılmıştır. Mg/Al LDH nanopartikülleri hidrotermal metot ile sentezlenmiş, FTIR, XRD, ICP-MS, TEM, partikül boyu ve zeta potansiyeli analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. Mg/Al LDH nanopartiküllerinin sitotoksisitesi osteoblast hücre hattı kullanılarak 3,(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-il)-2,5-difenil tetrazolyum bromid (MTT) testi ile belirlenmiş ve toksik olmadıkları bulunmuştur. J/IF LDH doku iskeleleri Irgacure2659 (fotobaşlatıcı) varlığında UV ışığı altında mikro-kalıplama tekniği ile hazırlanmıştır. Yapısı FTIR analizi ile karakterize edilmiştir. Şişme analizi, mekaniksel dayanım testi ve osteoblast hücreleri ile hücre-adezyon testi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tüm sonuçlar, Mg/Al LDH nanopartikül katkılı doku iskelelerinin kemik doku mühendisliği uygulamaları için yapay kemik üretiminde kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.In this study, a series of gelatin-methacrylate (GelMA)/ Silk fibroin tissue scaffolds with different contents of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) were prepared (J/IF LDH), the effects of Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles on physical, chemical, mechanical and biological properties of scaffolds and their use as bone tissue were investigated. Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles were synthesized by hydrothermal method and characterized by FTIR, XRD, ICP-MS, TEM, particle size and zeta potential analysis. The cytotoxicity of Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles was assesed by using 3,(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay with osteoblast cell line. Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles were found to be non-toxic. J/ IF LDH tissue scaffolds were prepared by micro-molding technique under UV light in the presence of Irgacure2659 (photoinitiator). Their structures were characterized by FTIR analysis. Swelling analysis, mechanical strength test and celladhesion test were performed with osteoblast cell line. All results showed that tissue scaffolds with different contents of Mg/Al LDH nanoparticles have great potential in artificial bone tissue production for bone tissue engineering applications.