We report the early growth and neurologic findings of 48 infants in Brazil diagnosed with probable congenital Zika virus syndrome and followed to age 1–8 months. Most of these infants had microcephaly (86.7%) and craniofacial disproportion (95.8%). The clinical pattern included poor head growth with increasingly negative z-scores, pyramidal/extrapyramidal symptoms, and epilepsy.

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Neonatal near miss in the Birth in Brazil survey Morbidade neonatal near miss na pesquisa Nascer no BrasilMorbilidad neonatal near miss en la encuesta Nacer en Brasil

The purpose of this article was to evaluate socioeconomic and demographic indicators, reproductive health, use of prenatal, childbirth, and neonatal services, and anthropometric data for mothers and infants. The authors performed a cross-sectional analysis of a systematic sample of 2,831 hospital births in São Luís, Maranhão State, from March 1997 to February 1998 at ten public and private maternity hospitals. The sample was stratified proportionally according to the number of births in each maternity hospital. Mothers answered a standard questionnaire. Of the total, 97.9% were live births and 98% were singletons. Prenatal coverage was 89.5%, and prevalence of cesarean sections was 33.8%. A physician provided prenatal care in 75.7% of cases and performed 73.8% of the deliveries. The Unified Health System covered the costs of 76.4% of the prenatal visits and 89.7% of the deliveries. A pediatrician was present in the delivery room in 50.2% of cases. The low birth weight rate was 9.6% and the preterm birth rate 13.9%. Reasons for concern included a high percentage of adolescent mothers, single mothers (or without partners), the high cesarean rate, and the high percentage of births attended by unqualified personnel.

Resumo: Este artigo tem como objetivo descrever os primeiros resultados de dois estudos avaliativos, um sobre a Rede Cegonha e outro sobre o projeto Parto Adequado, denominados, respectivamente, de avaliação da Rede Cegonha e Nascer Saudável, e identificar possíveis melhorias em comparação ao estudo Nascer no Brasil. Ambos os estudos têm desenho seccional, realizados em 2017. O estudo avaliação da Rede Cegonha incluiu todas as 606 maternidades públicas e mistas envolvidas na Rede Cegonha e um total de 10.675 puérperas. O estudo Nascer Saudável incluiu uma amostra de conveniência de 12 hospitais da rede privada e um total de 4.798 mulheres. Os indicadores de atenção ao parto e nascimento avaliados foram: presença de acompanhante, atendimento por enfermeira obstétrica, preenchimento de partograma, uso de métodos não farmacológicos, deambulação, alimentação, uso de cateter venoso periférico, analgesia, posição da mulher para o parto, episiotomia e manobra de Kristeler. Esses indicadores foram comparados aos encontrados no Nascer no Brasil, estudo de base nacional realizado em 2011-2012, antes do início dos dois programas de intervenção. Para as comparações utilizamos o teste do qui-quadrado para amostras independentes e nível de 95% de confiança. Houve um aumento significativo do número de mulheres com acesso à tecnologia apropriada ao parto entre os anos de 2011 e 2017 e redução de práticas consideradas prejudiciais. No setor privado, observou-se também redução nas taxas de cesariana e aumento da idade gestacional ao nascer. Os resultados deste estudo mostram que políticas públicas bem conduzidas podem mudar o cenário da atenção ao parto e nascimento, promovendo a redução de desfechos maternos e neonatais negativos.

AimTo describe parental experiences of providing skin-to-skin care (SSC) to their newborn infants.BackgroundSSC care for newborn infants has been reported to have positive physiological and psychological benefits to the infants and their parents. No systematic review regarding parental experiences has been identified.DesignIn this first part of a meta-study, the findings of a systematic literature review on parental experience of SSC care are presented.Data sourcesFour databases were searched, without year or language limitations, up until December 2013. Manual searches were performed in reference lists and in a bibliography of the topic.Review methodsAfter a quality-appraisal process, data from the original articles were extracted and analysed using qualitative content analysis.ResultsThe systematic and manual searches led to the inclusion of 29 original qualitative papers from nine countries, reporting experiences from 401 mothers and 94 fathers. Two themes that characterized the provision of SSC emerged: a restoring experience and an energy-draining experience.ConclusionThis review has added scientific and systematic knowledge about parental experiences of providing SSC. Further research about fathers’ experiences is recommended.

Acesso e utilização dos serviços na Estratégia Saúde da Família na perspectiva dos gestores, profissionais e usuáriosAccess to and use of the services of the family health strategy from the perspective of managers, professionals and usersResumo Utilizaram-se questionários adaptados à realidade brasileira (PCATool) para avaliar acesso e utilização dos serviços, aplicados a 30 gestores, 80 profissionais e amostra aleatória de 882 usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) em São Luís. Diferenças entre as avaliações dos 3 tipos de entrevistados foram identificadas pelo teste de KruskallWallis e pós-teste de Dunn. Usuários tiveram dificuldades no acesso e na utilização dos serviços, também considerados insatisfatórios pelos gestores e profissionais. O acesso foi a dimensão pior avaliada e o não funcionamento das unidades após as 18 horas e finais de semana foram suas principais dificuldades. A avaliação dos gestores e profissionais quase sempre divergiu com a dos usuários, sendo a avaliação dos gestores predominantemente mais favorável. Gratuidade, utilização de serviços preventivos e da ESF antes das consultas especializadas foram bem avaliadas. O funcionamento das unidades precisa se adequar às necessidades dos usuários, principalmente dos trabalhadores. Fortalecer a participação social na gestão local da ESF pode ajudar a identificar essas necessidades, dirimindo divergências entre os atores estudados. Palavras-chave Programa Saúde da Família, Atenção Primária, Avaliação em Saúde Abstract Questionnaires adapted to the Brazilian reality (Primary Care Assessment Tool) to evaluate access to and use of services were distributed to 30 managers, 80 professionals and a random sample of 882 Family Health Strategy (FHS) users in São Luís in the state of Maranhão. The differences between the evaluations of managers, professionals and users were identified by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's post test. Users faced difficulties in access to and use of the services, which were also considered unsatisfactory by managers and professionals. Access was the dimension with the worst evaluation, and non-functioning of units after 6 p.m. and at weekends were the main difficulties. The evaluations of the managers and professionals were almost always divergent from those of the users, with the evaluation of the managers being more favorable. The fact that the service was free of charge, the use of preventive services and the FHS services before the specialized care were well evaluated. The operation of units should attend users' needs, especially that of the working population. Strengthening social participation in local management of the FHS may assist in identifying these needs, thereby reducing the divergent opinions of the players involved.

This study aimed to analyze aspects related to choice of type of delivery in two maternity hospitals, one public and the other private, in São Luís, Maranhão State, Brazil. This cross-sectional study compared 163 primiparous women in a public maternity hospital and 89 in a private hospital, with mean ages of 21.63 +/- 5.24 and 28.8 +/- 5.41 years, respectively. In the public hospital, 79.1% of the women reported preferring vaginal deliveries, while in the private hospital 67.4% of the women preferred cesareans (p < 0.0001). Cesareans were performed in 46% of the women in the public maternity hospital and 97.8% of those in the private hospital (p < 0.0001). Patient satisfaction was high for both modes of delivery, but the desire to repeat the same mode was reported more frequently by women with vaginal deliveries (71.6% vs. 41.3% in the public maternity hospital and 100% vs. 65.5% in the private). In the public maternity hospital, the cesarean subgroup included more white and higher-income women. The cesarean rate was thus high in both maternity hospitals and was significantly higher in the private hospital; the study also showed a preference for vaginal delivery in the public hospital and cesareans in the private.