Background: Dyslipidemia is one of the important causes of cardiovascular disease related mortality and morbidity. Recently it has become a significant issue in public health problem of developing countries. The purpose of the study was to find a suitable solution for reducing blood lipid in dyslipidemic patients by conducting a research on the effect of cinnamon in hypercholesterolemic rats.Objective: To study the lipid lowering effect of Cinnamomum cassia on experimentally induced hypercholesterolemic rats.Materials and Methods: This study was done on 30 male Long Evans rats weighing about 200--210 gram. For convenience, the study was divided into two experiments --- Experiment I and Experiment II. In experiment I, 12 animals were divided into two groups. One was Group A (n = 6, control group) fed on laboratory diet and the other was Group B (n = 6) fed on laboratory diet and cinnamon for 35 days. In experiment II, the remaining 18 rats were fed fatty mixture diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% cholic acid. The hypercholesterolemic rats were then divided into 3 groups, Group C, D, and E (n=6 in each group). Group D and Group E were additionally fed on cinnamon powder and tablet atorvastatin for 35 days respectively. Serum TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C were measured after 35 days.Results: Fatty mixture diet increased TG, TC and LDL-C significantly. Cinnamon treated fatty mixture diet group showed that Cinnamomum cassia decreased plasma TC, TG and LDL-C. Atorvastatin therapy decreased TC, TG and LDL-C levels significantly compared with the lowering effect of cinnamon.Conclusion: The results of this experimental study indicate that Cinnamomum cassia can act as a hypocholesterolemic agent and thereby can improve cardiovascular functions

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Acute over dose of paracetamol (acetaminophen) causes serious hepatic necrosis. So, this study was conducted to observe the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous and n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity in rats in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 2008 to 2010. Single dose of paracetamol was administered on day one and rats were sacrificed on day three. Liver damage was evaluated by hepatic histology. Aqueous and n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa was administered orally into two other rat groups through intra-gastric tube for 28 days in which paracetamol was administered orally on day 28 and were sacrificed on day 30. Liver of all rats were excised and processed for light microscopy with a view to histopathological evaluation. The histological examination of the liver tissues in vehicle treated group and paracetamol-control group of rats showed normal hepatic architecture, centrilobular necrosis, polymorph (neutrophils) infiltration and pyknosis of the hepatocytes respectively. The hepatic architecture of rats pre-treated with aqueous extract of Nigella sativa showed improvement of necrosis with very few pyknotic nuclei when compared to the paracetamol-control group. The hepatic architecture of rats pre-treated with aqueous extract as well as with the n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa did not show pyknotic nuclei and polymorph infiltration while apparently regenerating hepatocytes, visible under the microscope. Aqueous extract and n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa extended hepatoprotection by reducing oxidative stress in experimental liver damage in rats. Furthermore, the protection afforded by the n-hexane extract of Nigella sativa pre-treated group was superior to the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa pre-treated group.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in one unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics Dept. of a Govt. hospital by giving a single dose preoperative prophylactic antibiotic and the results were compared with a control group who received a conventional prophylactic regimen of antibiotic combination. A total of 60 samples were taken from the patients currently admitted and undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy in one unit of the Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology of a Govt. hospital for this trial and they were divided into two groups - 30 Cases and 30 Control. Case group were given a single dose cephradine 1 gm IV just before induction of anesthesia. Control group were given Inj. Ciprofloxacin 200 mg IV 12 hrsly plus inj. Metronidazol 500 mg 8 hrsly till oral feeding followed by oral tab. Ciprofloxacin 500 mg 12 hrsly plus tab. Metronidazol 400 mg 8 hrsly in the remaining days which was then practicing in that gynecology unit of the Govt. hospital. Variables measured for the trial were total cost and duration of antimicrobial therapy, rate of postoperative infection and side effects of antimicrobial therapy. While comparing the outcome between the case and control group, it was observed that both the duration and cost (P<0.001) and also the side effects (P<0.05) of antimicrobial therapy were significantly higher in control group than the case group (duration of antimicrobial therapy was 2.9± 0.88 days in case group and 8. 9±0.58 days in control group and cost of antimicrobial therapy was 113.06± 24.53 taka in case group and 957.376±32.05 taka in control group). But the rate of post operative infection which is the main objective of giving preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis, was significantly higher in case group than the control group (P<0.05). But this infection rate could be reduced if the sterilization procedure of the operation theatre and general conditions of the patients were improved. If these risk factors could be minimized, single dose preoperative prophylactic antibiotic could be effectively practiced in our country. DOI: 10.3329/bjpp.v22i1.3560 Bangladesh J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 22(1/2) : 1-4

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i1.18065 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(1): 26-30

Background: The distribution pattern of ABO and Rh-D blood group in our country including the tribal people is not fully established as elaborated and large scale studies have not been carried out on it. Therefore this study was designed to observe the distribution pattern of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among the Garo tribes of Mymensingh and general people of Dhaka city. Objectives: To determine and to compare the distribution pattern of ABO and Rh-D blood groups among the Garo tribal people of Mymensingh and general people of Dhaka city and to compare this distribution between this two groups. Materials and Methods: This observational study was conducted in the Department of Physiology, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from July 2008 to June 2009. After proper ethical consideration total 900 Garo people of Mymensingh and 784 general people of Dhaka city were included in this study. The Garo localities and the general people of Dhaka city were selected by systematic random sampling. ABO and Rh-D blood groups were determined by the antigen antibody agglutination test of slide method. Chi square statistical analyses were done to compare the results of ABO blood group systems between the Garo people and general people of Dhaka city. Results: This study revealed that there are significant variations in the distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups between the Garo tribal people of Mymensingh and the general people of Dhaka city. In this study it was observed that blood group ‘A’ was apparently predominant in Garo population, while blood group ‘B’ was predominant in general population (p<0.001), blood group ‘AB’ and ‘O’ were almost similar in both groups. Rh typing of the participants reveals that majorities of both groups were Rh positive. Rh negative persons are rare in both populations, but it is extremely rare in the Garo population (0.9%). Conclusion: From the findings of the present study it can be concluded that distribution of ABO and Rh-D blood groups varies between the Garo tribal people and the general people of Dhaka city