SummaryWe investigated the effect of the Chinese herb Injectio Salvia Miltiorrhizae (ISM) on human platelet function in vitro. ISM inhibited platelet aggregation and serotonin release induced by either ADP or epinephrine in a dose dependent manner. This effect of ISM was observed with both gel-filtered platelets (ID50 = 8–30 μg ISM/ml gel-filtered platelets) and platelets in plasma (ID50 = 400–900 μg ISM/ml of platelet-rich plasma). The active molecule(s) in ISM was heat stable, resistant to acid, base and proteolysis and fractionated on Sephadex 6-25 at MW ~ 280. ISM did not interact with the platelet α-adrenergic receptor, but increased cAMP in intact platelets. The results are consistent with the concept that ISM inhibition of platelet aggregation and release is mediated by an increase in platelet cAMP. The exact mechanism whereby ISM increases platelet cAMP appears to be that of inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase. The effect of ISM on platelet function is one mechanism which might explain the therapeutic effect of ISM in experimental and clinical coronary artery disease.
COVID-19, regular hand-washing and use of alcoholbased hand sanitizers/gels are part of everyday hygiene guidance for the general public, 2 and therefore, the incidence of hand dermatitis is likely to rise. 3,4 The World Health Organization and the Food and Drugs Administration advises that a minimum alcohol content of 60% is required to inactivate viral particles; however, it is also important to be aware that hand sanitizers/gels may also contain other constituents, including thickeners, humectants (e.g. propylene glycol) and fragrances. 5 We have compiled a table of alcohol-based hand sanitizers/gels and their ingredients, which have recently been independently investigated to confirm their alcohol content or are available in a clinical setting. The ingredients for four sanitizers were not available online. Out of those that listed their ingredients, five out of the seven products include fragrance (Table 1).We would like to highlight to other dermatologists that contact allergy to fragrance and/or other components in hand sanitizer/gels may present acutely with pompholyx, and to consider testing patients with the standard and fragrance series if this is suspected.
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