ABSTRAK PENGENDALIAN SUHU ULTRASONIKASI PADA PELAPISAN NANOPARTIKEL MAGNET (Fe3O4) DENGAN KITOSAN.Telah dilakukan pelapisan nanopartikel magnetik Fe3O4 dengan proses ultrasonikasi terkendali. Pengendalian ultrasonikasi dilakukan dengan menambahkan fasilitas pendingin baik menggunakan air maupun es serta dengan pengaturan suhu pembatas pada fasilitas ultrasonikasi untuk memastikan suhu sampel maksimal 50 o C selama proses pelapisan kitosan. Nanopartikel hasil pelapisan dianalisis sifat magnetik dan distribusi ukuran partikelnya masing-masing menggunakan VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) serta PSA (Particle Size Analyzer). Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa penambahan sistem pendingin cukup efektif dalam mengendalikan suhu dan menurunkan waktu total proses pelapisan serta ukuran nanopartikel terlapis kitosan. Namun pola perubahan ukuran yang terjadi tidak mengikuti sepenuhnya kaidah standar karena adanya proses re-aglomerasi nanopartikel magnetik akibat interaksi magnetik antar nanopartikel yang cukup kuat. Diperoleh hasil pelapisan optimum dengan ukuran nanopartikel magnetik terlapis kitosan sebesar ~ 36,5 nm dan nilai magnetisasi 45 emu/gram pada proses dengan sistem pendingin air. Kondisi ini dicapai dengan waktu total proses pelapisan 60 menit untuk waktu efektif proses ultrasonikasi 10 menit.
RAT BLOOD PROFILE EVALUATION AFTER Fe3O4/CHITOSAN COLLOID INJECTION. The application of iron oxide (Fe3O4) magnetic nanoparticles in the biomedical field is still being explored, mainly related to its toxicity and side effects. This article reported results of the study aimed at analyzing the effect of chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (NPM-C) on rat blood profiles. Magnetic colloid as much as 1 ml (concentration of 5 mg NPM-C / mL aquabidest) for 1 kG rat body weight was injected through intra-venous to the treated rat group (4 Wistar rats aged 6 months; weight ± 275 grams; male sex) while another four rats injected with sterile aquabidest used as a control group. The blood taking from each group of rats was carried out on 1 day before injection and several days after injection (days 1, 7, 14, 21, 28) through veins in the tail. To these blood samples, a series of blood profile analyzes is carried out including basic hematology, blood chemistry, and fragility of the erythrocyte membrane. The results of the analysis showed no significant differences between blood profiles after treatment and control, which indicated that chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles did not trigger cellular stress responses in the blood. The stability of blood magnetism analyzed by VSM (Vibrating Sample Magnetometer) also shows that magnetic nanoparticles are detected in the blood and tend to decrease in number with increasing time, so it is thought that these nanoparticles can be degraded or have been distributed into organs. These stable properties are analyzed due to an existence of chitosan coating around magnetic nanoparticles. Based on this study it can be concluded that up to the given concentration limit, iron oxide nanoparticles coated by chitosan are not toxic and have the potential to be used as drug carriers, MRI contrast agents, and other biomedical applications.
Conjugation of nanoparticle with some substance can be a solution to a theragnostic of cancer cells. The release of doxorubicin from conjugated apoferritin-magnetic-doxorubicin (APO-NPM-DOX) was studied in different pH conditions and incubation time. The preparation of magnetic nanoparticle (Fe3O4) was done through the co-precipitation method using FeCl3 and FeCl2 (mol ratio 1:1) as the precursor. The encapsulation process was started by conjugation of magnetic nanoparticle with doxorubicin, then followed by incubation of the mixture in apoferritin solution for 2 hours in pH 3. The mixture was then set to pH 8 using NaOH and dialyzed in Tris-HCl. The doxorubicin release from APO-NPM-DOX was studied by incubation at 36.5 °C in different time variations in pH 5 and different pH conditions (4, 5, 6, 7) for a week. The doxorubicin release trend becomes steady after three days of incubation in pH 5 with 4.6% of the doxorubicin had been released. The highest percentage of doxorubicin release was found in pH 4, which is more than 1.2 times higher than in pH 5.
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