The effects of sex steroid hormones on serotonin and its metabolite, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid (5-HIAA) in the lateral septal nucleus (LS), the medial preoptic area (MPA) and the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMH) of female rats were investigated, using immunohistochemistry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Female rats were divided into three groups: ovariectomized rats (OVX group); OVX-rats treated with estradiol benzoate alone (E2 group); and OVX-rats treated with E2 plus progesterone (E2 + P group). We analysed the density of serotonin-immunoreactive fibres with a computer-assisted image analysis system, and measured the tissue concentrations of serotonin and 5-HIAA. Many serotonin-immunoreactive fibres were observed in the LS, MPA and VMH in all three groups. The density of serotonin-immunoreactive fibres in the MPA and VMH was significantly lower in the E2 and E2+P groups compared to the OVX group, whereas the LS showed no detectable differences among the three groups. In the HPLC study, the concentrations of serotonin in the MPA and VMH of the E2 and E2+P groups were significantly lower than that in the OVX group. There was no significant difference in the concentration of serotonin in the LS. The concentration of 5-HIAA and the ratio of 5-HIAA/serotonin in the LS, MPA and VMH showed no significant differences among the OVX, E2 and E2+P groups. The present results suggest that E2 priming for sexual behaviour can affect the serotonergic system by decreasing serotonin content, but not the turnover rate, in the MPA and VMH of female rats.
This manuscript reports coloration and thermal behavior of the silica and zircon effect on α-Fe2O3 pigment. The prepared three types of pigments were heat-treated at various temperatures (800–1000 °C), and their color evolutions were characterized by colorimeter and UV–visible spectroscopy.
The assessment of economic potential of technological innovation projects and its valuation are key aspects in negotiations among universities, research institutes, and companies. Among the reasons for this, it can be quoted portfolio prioritization, which involves several different economic, social, and environmental impacts aspects and industrial productivity. The standard of economic potential is an important reference in the project selection process.For technology transfer, the valuation of technologies consists in a relevant task to support intellectual property (IP) negotiations. However, in dynamic environments, negotiations for the commercial exploitation and payment of IP resulting from research projects require quick answers, due to several aspects like tight deadlines to sign contracts.
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