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Objectives:To determine the associated clinical symptoms and prevalence of Blastocystis hominis (B. hominis).Methods:Stool samples of 50,185 patients (26,784 males and 23,401 females) who were received at the Parasitology Laboratory of Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine, Van, Turkey in the last 5 years were inspected microscopically using saline and iodine-stained wet-mount preparations. Age, gender, and symptoms of patients were recorded and their significance was evaluated.Results:The prevalence of B. hominis in the total sample was 0.54% (275/50185). Out of 275 infected patients, 143 (52%) were males, and 132 (48%) were female (χ2=0.884; p=0.348). The distribution of B. hominis infection was high in 7-13 aged children (34.9%) (χ2=306.8; p=0.001). Blastocystis was higher among symptomatic patients (70.2%) compared with asymptomatic patients (29.8%) (χ2=107.13; p=0.001). The most frequent clinical symptoms associated with the disease were abdominal pain (27.3%) and diarrhea (19.6%) followed by anorexia, fever, saliva, anal itching, and nausea.Conclusion:Blastocystis hominis is considered a causative agent of human disease in patients with recurrent symptoms. Due to the significant risk for zoonotic transmission, molecular techniques must be used to determine the route and source of infection.

A coprologic study was conducted to determine the prevalence of helminth infections at the Samsun Zoo, Turkey. There are 184 animals comprising 45 species or subspecies, including 23 ruminants, three equines, 21 carnivores, 10 rabbits, two primates, two kangaroos, and 123 birds in the zoo. Fecal samples of zoo animals were collected and examined four times from 2006 to 2007: in September, December, March, and June. In four seasons, coprologic analysis revealed that 123 of 338 (36.4%) fecal samples were infected with different helminths types, including one trematode, one cestode, and 12 nematodes eggs or larvae. Species included Dicrocoelium spp. (0.9%), Moniezia spp. (1.1%), Toxascaris leonina (7.1%), Toxocara spp. (8.6%), Uncinaria stenocephala (1.4%), Dictyocaulus filaria (1.9%), Muellerius spp. (14.1%), strongyle type (20.7%), Strongylus edentatus (8.3%), Cyathostomum spp. (66.7%), Trichuris spp. (3.9%), capillarid type (9.5%), Ascaridia spp. (1.9%), and Heterakis spp. (12%).

Abnormal swimming and major mortalities of fish were observed by a fish farmer in his pond in which he was rearing common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in Samsun, Turkey. A total of 118 common carps of different size and weight were transferred to the laboratory and examined for ecto-and endoparasites. Thus, a heavy infestation with the fish louse, Argulus foliaceus, was found, with the ectoparasites firmly attached to the skin and fins of all the (118) carps, during this parasitological examination (100% prevalence). Up to 800-1000 lice were counted on a single fish and most of these were detected as microscopic juvenile stages. Major fish mortalities or large numbers of moribund fishes due to this parasite were seen throughout the pond. Furthermore, no endoparasites were found in the carps examined. In the pathological investigation, hyperaemia, especially on the pectoral and pelvic fin bases and in the abdominal area, was macroscopically observed. RÉSUMÉUne nage anormale et des mortalités importantes chez les poissons ont été observées par un aquaculteur dans son étang dans lequel il élevait la carpe commune (Cyprinus carpio) à Samsun, la Turquie. Un total de 118 carpes communes de différentes tailles et poids ont été transférées au laboratoire et examinées en vue d'y observer d'éventuels ecto-et endoparasites. C'est ainsi qu'au cours de cet examen parasitologique, une forte infestation par Argulus foliaceus a été mise en évidence, les ectoparasites étant fermement fixés sur la peau et les nageoires de toutes les (118) carpes (prévalence de 100%). Jusqu'à 800-1000 parasites ont été comptés sur un seul poisson et la plupart d'entre eux ont été détectés aux stades juvéniles à l'échelle microscopique. Des mortalités considérables de poissons ou bien de grands nombres de poissons moribonds ont été observés dans tout l'étang. En outre, aucun endoparasite n'a été trouvé chez les carpes examinées. Lors de l'examen pathologique, une hyperémie, en particulier à la base des nageoires pectorales et pelviennes a été observée à l'échelle macroscopique.3 )

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Summary:One female and two male nematodes were identified as Synhimantus (Synhimantus) laticeps (Rudolphi, 1819) Railliet, Henry et Sisoff, 1912 in the postmortem examination of a female goshawk's gizzard (Accipiter nisus) which was brought to our Parasitology Laboratory by the Directorship of Environmental and Forestry authorities of Samsun, Turkey in September, 2008. Some morphological features, measures and photographs of the nematodes were given within this report. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Synhimantus (S.) laticeps and also the genus from Turkey.

Dergisi PARAZITO LOJI 70 Özgün Araştırma Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı 11 yıllık bir süreçte Van Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Parazitoloji Laboratuvar'ına başvuran hastalarda intestinal parazitlerin prevalansını retrospektif olarak belirlemekti. Yöntemler: Hastanemizin polikliniklerine başvuran 69633 hastanın dışkı örnekleri nativ-Lugol ayrıca gerek duyulduğunda flotasyon, sedimantasyon, trikrom ve modifiye asit-fast boyama ve ELISA metodu ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Pozitif bulunan hastalarda toplam 24 parazit türü saptanmıştır. En az bir ya da daha fazla parazit türü bütün hastaların %34,1'inde belirlenmiştir. En sık saptanan parazit, Blastocystis hominis olmuştur. Patojen parazitlerden Giardia intestinalis (G. intestinalis) %9,3, Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides) %2,5, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar %0,8, Cystoisospora belli %0,004, Fasciola hepatica %0,04, Dicrocoelium dendriticum %0,001, Strongyloides stercoralis %0,001 ve çengelli solucanlar %0,001 oranında saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Parazitlerin yayılış oranı geçmiş yıllara göre bir düşüş göstermiş olsa da özellikle çocuk yaş grubunda G. intestinalis ve A. lumbricoides gibi patojen parazitlerin Van yöresinde hala yüksek oranda görüldüğü ve parazitoz probleminin hala devam ettiği anlaşılmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: İntestinal parazitler, insan, VanÖZ Objective: The aim of present study was to retrospectively determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in patients, who were referred to Parasitology Laboratory in Van Yüzüncü Yıl University, Faculty of Medicine during an 11-year period. Methods: Stool samples of 69633 individuals admitted to the outpatient clinics in the hospital were initially evaluated with native-Lugol, and then by flotation, sedimentation, trichrome staining, modified acid-fast staining and ELISA methods.Results: Twenty-four parasite species were identified in parasite-positive patients. At least one or more parasite species were found in 34.1% of all patients. The most commonly observed parasite was Blastocystis hominis (26.5%). Among pathogen parasites, Giardia intestinalis (G. intestinalis) was detected in 9.3%, Ascaris lumbricoides (A. lumbricoides) was detected in 2.5%, Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar in 0.8%, Cystoisospora belli in 0.004%, Fasciola hepatica in 0.04%, Dicrocoelium dendriticum in 0.001%, Strongyloides stercoralis in 0.001% and hookworm in 0.001% of the patients. Conclusion:It was determined that, pathogen parasites such as G. intestinalis and A. lumbricoides were still observed at high rates in Van province, especially in children, and the problem of parasitosis is still continuing, although the prevalence of parasites has declined when compared to the previous years.

Despite the gradual decreases the CE in Ankara and its surroundings, it is still continues to be a major public health problem. Essential prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the prevalence of the disease. Also in the diagnosis of the disease, more reliable results can obtained with applying two tests (ELISA/IHA) together and confirm the positivity with WB.