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Fuel pellet is one of the innovation products that can be produced from various sources of biomass such as agricultural residues, forestry and also wood industries including wood bark. Herein this paper, the potential fuel pellet production using Acacia mangium bark that abundant wasted from chip mill industry was studied. Fuel pellet was produced using a modified animal feed pellet press machine equipped with rotating roller-cylinders. The international standards quality of fuel pellet such as ONORM (Austria), SS (Sweden), DIN (Germany), EN (European) and ITEBE (Italy) were used to evaluate the optimum composition of feedstock and additive used. Theresults showed the quality offuel pellet produced were good compared to commercial sawdust pellet. Mixed of Acacia bark (dust) with 10% of tapioca and 20% of glycerol (w/w) was increased the stable form of pellet and the highest heating value to reached 4,383 Kcal/kg (calorific value). Blending of Acacia bark with tapioca and glycerol was positively improved its physical, chemical and combustion properties to met the international standards requirement for export market. Based on this finding, production of fuel pellet from Acacia bark waste biomass was promising to be developed as an alternative substitution of fossil energy in the future.

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Abstract. Yuliansyah, Haqiqi MT, Septia E, Mujiasih D, Septiana HA, Setiawan KA, Setiyono B, Angi EM, Saparwadi, Sari NM, Kusuma IW, Rujehan, Suwinarti W, Amirta R. 2019. Short Communication: Diversity of plant species growing during fallow period of shifting cultivation and potential of its biomass for sustainable energy production in Mahakam Ulu, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 2236-2242. Fallow period is a time gap, as long as 15 years, for improving natural soil fertility of land used for traditional shifting cultivation, in the tropical areas commonly used by Dayak People in Borneo Island. During this period, many biomass plant species naturally grow and develop a new forest vegetation community with shrub and medium trees, dominated by fast-growing pioneer species. In this study, we investigated the plant diversity in fallowed shifting cultivation area in Batu Majang Village, Mahakam Ulu District, East Kalimantan Province, followed by analysis of the suitability of wood characteristics for energy production. We classified the study area according to the age of fallow period as: 1-3 years, 4-6 years, 7-9 years and 10-15 years. We found 29 species among which 13 were identified as the top species according to the highest value for important value index. Potential wood biomass production increased from 3.01 m3 ha-1 to 399.62 m3 ha-1. V. pinnata and M. pearsonii showed the highest dominance which is present in almost all area based on age classification groups. Wood from V. pinnata achieved the highest calorific valueof18.00 MJ kg-1 whereas N. cadamba and M. sericea were in the second and third places with the value of 17.30 MJ kg-1 and 17.28 MJ kg-1, respectively. Therefore, V. pinnata was an important species among all other species observed because of high adaptability and high energy content. In addition, possible energy production at the end of the fallow period of 15 years was 2.92 GJ ha-1.

Abstract. In this work, the wood waste biomass from the logging activity of the natural forest area in East Kalimantan, Indonesia has been characterized in regards to the physicochemical properties and energy. The four species of wood waste biomass were Shorealeprosula (red meranti), Shoreabracteolata (white meranti), Shoreagibbosa (yellow meranti), and Shorealaevis (bangkirai). The total amount of wood waste biomass produced from the logging activity was 557.87 m 3 /plot(5.58 m3 ha -1 ). The waste biomass was identified as log end part (40.07%), bucking (27.39%), twigs (14.61%), stump (12.0%) and branch parts (5.92%), respectively. Among the four species studied, we observed that the highest volume of wood waste biomass was obtained from S. leprosulagiving 48.40% and followed by S. laevis 47.40%, and the last was S. bracteolata. From the field study, We noticed that the waste of wood biomass was not only yielded from the part of the log harvested such as branch, stump, log end and bucking processes but also reached from the damaged trees around the felling trees location and skidding operation. In general, the chemical composition of wood waste biomass studied was almost similar, while the highest calorivic value (HCV) was obtained from S. laeviswith value of 17.90 MJ/kg and followed by S. leprosula of17.38 MJ/kg, S. bracteolataof 17.09 MJ/kg, and S. gibbosa of 16.86 MJ/kg.The logging wood waste biomass was estimated sufficient to provide and supply 3668.62 GJ energy, to generate ±1,019 MWh electricity that equivalent to ±10.19 MWh electricity potency per hectare.