The outbreak of COVID‐19 coronavirus disease around the end of 2019 has become a pandemic. The preferred method for COVID‐19 detection is the real‐time polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR)‐based technique; however, it also has certain limitations, such as sample‐dependent procedures with a relatively high false negative ratio. We propose a safe and efficient method for screening COVID‐19 based on Raman spectroscopy. A total of 177 serum samples are collected from 63 confirmed COVID‐19 patients, 59 suspected cases, and 55 healthy individuals as a control group. Raman spectroscopy is adopted to analyze these samples, and a machine learning support‐vector machine (SVM) method is applied to the spectrum dataset to build a diagnostic algorithm. Furthermore, 20 independent individuals, including 5 asymptomatic COVID‐19 patients and 5 symptomatic COVID‐19 patients, 5 suspected patients, and 5 healthy patients, were sampled for external validation. In these three groups—confirmed COVID‐19, suspected, and healthy individuals—the distribution of statistically significant points of difference showed highly consistency for intergroups after repeated sampling processes. The classification accuracy between the COVID‐19 cases and the suspected cases is 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.85–0.88), and the accuracy between the COVID‐19 and the healthy controls is 0.90 (95% CI: 0.89–0.91), while the accuracy between the suspected cases and the healthy control group is 0.68 (95% CI: 0.67–0.73). For the independent test dataset, we apply the obtained SVM model to the classification of the independent test dataset to have all the results correctly classified. Our model showed that the serum‐level classification results were all correct for independent test dataset. Our results suggest that Raman spectroscopy could be a safe and efficient technique for COVID‐19 screening.

Multi-view clustering is an important yet challenging task due to the difficulty of integrating the information from multiple representations. Most existing multi-view clustering methods explore the heterogeneous information in the space where the data points lie. Such common practice may cause significant information loss because of unavoidable noise or inconsistency among views. Since different views admit the same cluster structure, the natural space should be all partitions. Orthogonal to existing techniques, in this paper, we propose to leverage the multi-view information by fusing partitions. Specifically, we align each partition to form a consensus cluster indicator matrix through a distinct rotation matrix. Moreover, a weight is assigned for each view to account for the clustering capacity differences of views. Finally, the basic partitions, weights, and consensus clustering are jointly learned in a unified framework. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on several real datasets, where significant improvement is found over other state-of-the-art multi-view clustering methods.

No abstract

No abstract

Data similarity is a key concept in many data-driven applications. Many algorithms are sensitive to similarity measures. To tackle this fundamental problem, automatically learning of similarity information from data via self-expression has been developed and successfully applied in various models, such as low-rank representation, sparse subspace learning, semisupervised learning. However, it just tries to reconstruct the original data and some valuable information, e.g., the manifold structure, is largely ignored. In this paper, we argue that it is beneficial to preserve the overall relations when we extract similarity information. Specifically, we propose a novel similarity learning framework by minimizing the reconstruction error of kernel matrices, rather than the reconstruction error of original data adopted by existing work. Taking the clustering task as an example to evaluate our method, we observe considerable improvements compared to other state-ofthe-art methods. More importantly, our proposed framework is very general and provides a novel and fundamental building block for many other similarity-based tasks. Besides, our proposed kernel preserving opens up a large number of possibilities to embed high-dimensional data into low-dimensional space.

No abstract

No abstract

Resulting from the short production cycle and rapid design technology development, traditional prognostic and health management (PHM) approaches become impractical and fail to match the requirement of systems with structural and functional complexity. Among all PHM designs, testability design and maintainability design face critical difficulties. First, testability design requires much labor and knowledge preparation, and wastes the sensor recording information. Second, maintainability design suffers bad influences by improper testability design. We proposed a test strategy optimization based on soft-sensing and ensemble belief measurements to overcome these problems. Instead of serial PHM design, the proposed method constructs a closed loop between testability and maintenance to generate an adaptive fault diagnostic tree with soft-sensor nodes. The diagnostic tree generated ensures high efficiency and flexibility, taking advantage of extreme learning machine (ELM) and affinity propagation (AP). The experiment results show that our method receives the highest performance with state-of-art methods. Additionally, the proposed method enlarges the diagnostic flexibility and saves much human labor on testability design.