Corn residue is used as raw material, and through the study of corn juice processing, we can optimize the machining process, reduce processing costs, increase economic efficiency. It is found through the test that the optimum corn processing time for the precooking is 1h, liquefaction enzyme dosage is 30 activity unit every gram, reaction time is 1.5h, glucoamylase ratio is 120 activity unit every gram, saccharification time is 1.5h, 40MPa homogeneous for two times, sterilization at 135 °C ultra high temperature for 10s. Under these conditions, the production of maize corn residue has high sugar content with a small amount of enzyme dosage, the production cost is reduced, the product stability is greatly enhanced, and the shelf life is effectively extended.
In this study, flavor nucleotides were extracted from beer yeast paste as flavor enhancer for soy sauce. RNA was extracted by concentrated saline method with single factor experiments and L9(34) matrix experiments, and then hydrolyzed by 5’-phosphodiesterase which was obtained from malt rootlets to gain 5’-nucleotides as flavor enhancer. Results showed that the optimal extraction conditions were as follows:12% yeast concentration, 100°C of extraction temperature, 10% of NaCl concentration and 4h of extraction time and the yield rate of RNA was 6.83%. The yield of 5’-nucleotide was 7.528mg/mL which was higher than other methods. When 5’-nucleotide was added to soy fermentation solution at the ratio of 2.5:1(v:v), taste of the new soy sauce products was much excellent.
The objective of the study was to optimize the conditions in a culture medium for the selenium yeild enriched by Saccharomyces sp. III using Plackett-Burman design and Box-Behnken design. The Plackett-Burman multifactorial design was first employed to screen the significant factors in the fermentation for the selenium yeild, and subsequent use of the response surface methodology was further optimized for the selenium yeild by Box-Behnken design. The important factors in the culture medium, identified by the initial screening method of Placket-Burman, were sodium selenite, glucose and the liquid volume. The optimal amounts for maximum selenium yeild were: sodium selenite 15.8 mg/L; glucose 40.2 g/L; the liquid volume 120 mL in 250 mL flask. Using this statistical experimental design, the selenium yeild under optimal condition reached about 1679.32 μg selenium /g dry cell.
Biosorptions of Cr (VI) by the floc-type biosorbent AR (with glycocalyx) and AR (without glycocalyx) were compared. The initial pH was important for biosorption, and the optimum effect on Cr (VI) biosorption was acquired within initial pH 0.5-1.0. With the pH increasing, the effect on Cr(VI) biosorption was reduced, and when the initial pH exceeded 3.0, the effect on Cr (VI) biosorption was in an equilibrium of low levels. Biosorbing Cr (VI) of different concentrations, the maximal absorbing capacity of AR (with glycocalyx) and AR (without glycocalyx) was 187.36 mg•g-1, 56.1 mg•g-1 respectively, and the glycocalyx adhering on the cell improved the absorption obviously. The absorbed Cr (VI) could be recovered by desorption, and the desorption rate of AR (with glycocalyx) and AR (without glycocalyx) reached 67.9%and 62.3% separately. The two biosorption processes conformed Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm adsorption equations, so we could presume that the progress of biosorptions was reversible adsorption and irreversible adsorption simultaneously, however the reversible adsorption was more important in the biosorption and the adsorption belonged to physical adsorption. Besides Agrobacterium sp. fermentation broth could be used as bioflocculant, Agrobacterium sp. could be applied as biosorbent, and the glycocalyx improved the absorption obviously, then both the bioflocculant and biosorbent were promising biological products
The wide application of Information and Communication Technologies offers great opportunities for the innovation of education, especially in universities. There are varieties of resources on the Internet, which teachers can use for their teaching, assimilating into the curriculum and into teaching methods. Based on constructivism learning theory, this paper centers on the advantages of practicing the web-based instruction by comparison to the traditional one. The media centers, a web-based learning enviroment, has been set up for students to learn as a platform for their after-class review, for their individulized instruction, for their collaborative learning and for exchanging educational resources among teachers. The notes of the Internet-assisting instruction is also discussed to emphasize that the new instruction is a useful complement not replacement to conventional teaching. So it is pointed out that the Internet should become a necessary supplementary for teaching and learning in university as the input resources and the output tools.
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