На сьогоднішній день артеріальна гіпертензія (АГ) -найпоширеніше серцево-судинне захворювання, яке є найбільш частою причиною інвалідизації населення внаслідок високого ризику розвитку таких ускладнень, як серцева недостатність, ішемічна хвороба серця, інсульт. Характер морфологічних проявів гіпертонічної хвороби залежить від тривалості і важкості перебігу, але гіпертензія запускає каскад патологічних змін уже при легкому перебігу хвороби і супроводжується порушенням структури найбільш чутливих до коливання артеріального тиску органів (мозок, серце, нирки). Постійно триває пошук нових препаратів, які не тільки знижують артеріальний тиск, а володіють політропними ефектами. На першому місці стоїть кардіопротекція, яка ґрунтується на засадах постійного контролю за оксигенацією міокарда і процесами метаболізму. Останнім часом увагу дослідників привертають біофлавіноїди, а саме корвітин, який має антиоксидантні, протиапоптичні, протизапальні властивості. Питання впливу корвітину в комбінованій терапії з гіпотензивними препаратами при лікуванні артеріальної гіпертензії вивчено недостатньо, що визначає актуальність і мету нашого дослідження. Матеріали та методи. Дослідження проведено на спонтанно-гіпертензованих щурах SHR. Щури розділені на 9 груп. Дослідним групам тварин SHR вводили раміприл в дозі 0,5 мг /кг, кандесартан -0,4мг /кг, а також проводили комбіновану терапію раміприл і корвітин, кандесартан і корвітин. Препарати вводили 1 раз на день протягом 7 днів з їжею (для короткочасної терапії) і протягом 21 дня (для тривалої терапії). Для оцінки морфологічних змін серця, нирок, печінки використовували заморожені поперечні зрізи товщиною 10 мкм, які зафарбовували за методом Рамоновского-Гімзе. Результати дослідження. Корвітин при застосуванні і з раміприлом і з кандесартаном мав протекторний вплив на досліджувані структури органів-мішеней: міокард шлуночків, кіркову речовину нирки, гепатоцити. Але кардіопротекторний ефект корвітину відмічений в тканині міокарда лівого шлуночка при довготривалій комбінованій терапії з кандесартаном був більш суттєвим і характеризується зникненням ознак гідропічної вакуолізації кардіоміоцитів. Комбінована терапія гіпотензивними препаратами з корвітином зменшувало ступінь атрофії ниркових клубочків, найбільша ефективність досягалась довготривалою терапією. Зміни в тканині печінки при комбінації препаратів також мали позитивну динаміку. Висновки. Поєднана терапія гіпотензивними препаратами і корвітином суттєво покращує морфологічну картину в досліджуваних структурах не тільки за рахунок зниження артеріального тиску, а обумовлена і плейотропними ефектами корвітину.

Goal. To find out the effect of water load of negative redox potential on the functional and biochemical processes of the kidneys in comparison with induced diuresis with ordinary tap water at the poliuric stage of sublimate nephropathy in hyponatric diets. Materials and methods. In experiments on 60 white non-linear mature male rats in a hyposodium diet at the poliuric stage of sublimate nephropathy 72 hours after subcutaneous administration of sublimate at a dose of 5mg/kg per load of water with a negative redox potential (-232.0±25.12 mV) compared to induced diuresis with ordinary tap water (redox potential 88.7±18.35 mV), which ORP-meter was measured, lipid peroxidation, tissue fibrinolysis, succinate dehydrogenase activity, β-2-microglobulin reabsorption, excretory, ionoregulatory functions were studied, glomerular-tubular and tubular-tubular balance of the kidneys. 189 Results and discussion. According to the experience installed protective, antioxidant effects of water negative redox potential, which was manifested by the decrease in the level of diene conjugates, malonic aldehyde, the degree of swelling and damage by the ratio of K+/Na+ to the cortical substance of the kidney, improve the reabsorption of sodium ions, β-2microglobulin in the proximal tubules with a reduction in the loss of this cation from urine by increasing the supply of electrons to the tubules of the kidneys. Improving the energy status of the proximal nephron in conditions experience increased activity of succinate dehydrogenase in the cortical portion of the kidney has led to the improvement of tissue fibrinolysis and processes glomerular-tubular and tubular-tubular balance with loss correlations, the relative water reabsorption from the glomerular filtration, absolute proximal and distal reabsorbtion of sodium ions.

Neurodegenerative disorders in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus are one of the most common causes of disability and mortality in patients with diabetes. Excessive glucose concentration causes a toxic effect due to an increased amount of glycolysis products, lipid and protein peroxide oxidation, decreased membranous potential of the mitochondria and deficiency of neuron energy supply due to mitochondrial dysfunction. Gammaamino butyric acid is known to localize to the mitochondria, and its functional cycle is closely linked to glucose metabolism. Objective of the study: experimental investigation of сarbacetam effect with cerebral mitochondrial dysfunction of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The experiments were conducted on laboratory nonlinear albino male rats with the body weight 0.18–0.20 kg. Type 2 diabetes is modeled on streptozotocin and a high-fat diet. Carbacetam was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg/kg, once daily for 14 days. Under conditions of central nervous system damage induced by type 2 diabetes mellitus, lipid and protein peroxide oxidation increases in the mitochondrial fraction of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats; activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase decreases; a relative rate of mitochondrial swelling increases. After carbacetam administration during 14 days the content of products reacting with 2-thiobarbituric acid and protein oxidation modification decrease in the mitochondria of the brain and hippocampus of rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus; activity of catalase in the cerebral cortex and α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in the hippocampus increases, activity of succinate dehydrogenase increases in both structures examined which is indicative of its antioxidant properties. Decrease of a relative rate of mitochondrial swelling in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of rats confirms a protective effect of carbacetam under conditions of mitochondrial dysfunction.

Nowadays arterial hypertension (AH) is the most popular cardiovascular disease, which is the most common cause of disability in the population due to high risk of developing complications, such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, stroke. The nature of the morphological manifestations of hypertensive disease depends on the duration and severity, but hypertension triggers a cascade of pathological changes in the lung disease and is accompanied by disruption of the structure of organs that are the most sensitive to fluctuations of blood pressure (brain, heart, kidneys). Continuing the search for new drugs that not only lower blood pressure, but have polytropic effects. In the first place is cardioprotection, which is based on the principles of continuous monitoring of myocardial oxygenation and metabolism. Recently the attention of researchers attract bioflavonoids, such as corvitin, which showed antioxidant, prediabetics, anti-inflammatory properties. The question of influence corvitin in combination therapy with antihypertensive drugs in the treatment of hypertension has been insufficiently studied, that determines the relevance and purpose of our study. Materials and methods. The study was conducted spontaneously hypertensed of rats SHR series. Animals affected into 4 groups of observation. Experienced animal groups series SHR were administered ramipril at a dose of 5 mg / kg, candesartan 4 mg / kg and corvitin a dose of 50 mg/kg, and conducted combined therapy ramipril and corvitin, candesartan and corvitin. Drugs were administered for 7 days. State prooxidative-antioxidant system in the heart, liver, and kidney was estimated by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and has a diene conjugates (DC), the background activity of antioxidant enzymes: superoxiddismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (TRP), of catalase (CT). The results of the study. Monotherapy with ramipril exacerbate the pathological process in the examined structures (kidney, heart, liver) and caused a decline in the level of antioxidant enzymes for the same level of malonic aldehyde and diene conjugates. Treatment with candesartan showed a more positive trend in reducing the level of products peroxidation and activation of superoxide dismutase, slightly increased the level of catalase remained unchanged and the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Combination therapy with carnitin significantly changed the indicators oxidative-antioxidant homeostasis in the direction of growth of activity of enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase on the background of significant decrease of the products of barbituric acid. The most marked improvement was noted in the myocardium of the left ventricle and kidney in combination therapy with candesartan and corvitin. Conclusions. Application of corvitin in combination with antihypertensive drugs demonstrated protective effect. Increased level of blood pressure not only positive dynamics of combination therapy but also pleiotropy effect of corvitin.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of malignant neoplasms on the morphological characteristics of laparotomy wound granulation tissue in the muscular-aponeurotic layer. The study involved a sample of 34 deceased individuals who had undergone abdominal organ surgery. Biopsy samples were taken from the muscular-aponeurotic layer of the anterior abdominal wall and subjected to histological examination, including staining with hematoxylin and eosin and methylene blue/Chromotrope 2B using N.Z. Slinchenko’s method. Descriptive methods and morphometry were used to evaluate pathomorphological changes. The results suggest that malignant neoplasms significantly impede and decelerate the maturation of laparotomy wound granulation tissue. Surgeries performed at the late stages of abdominal organ malignant neoplasms result in an uneven and slow maturation of the tissue, characterized by a higher prevalence of lymphoid cells, increased blood vessel volume, reduced optical density of stained collagen fibers, and pronounced chromotropophilia of collagen fibers. These distinct features should be considered to prevent postoperative eventration, a complication that is more likely to occur in this patient group. Clinicians should be aware of the possible consequences of malignant neoplasms on laparotomy wound granulation tissue, which may require additional measures to prevent postoperative complications in these patients.

Objective. To study the effect of water load of negative redox potential with hydrogen saturation on renal function in comparison with induced diuresis with water of negative redox potential without hydrogen saturation.Material and methods. In experiments on 60 male white-nonlinear rats weighing 0.16-0.18 kg, the effect of loading with ordinary tap water (redox potential 90.4 ± 1.45 mV), water of negative redox potential without saturation with hydrogen (redox potential - 304.5 ± 4.79 mV) and water of negative redox potential with hydrogen saturation 1.0 - 1.2 ppm and redox potential -297.3 ± 5.27 mV. Used: experimental, physiological, biochemical, chemical, physicochemical, statistical research methods.Results. Under water load of negative redox potential with hydrogen saturation in comparison with induced diuresis of negative redox potential with the use of microhydrin, there was no inhibition of glomerular filtration, filtration fraction and proximal reabsorption of sodium ions, change restorative potential of urine. These changes are explained by the lack of activation of the dysregulatory mechanism of basal vascular tone of the renal cortex under conditions of water load of negative redox potential with hydrogen saturation.Conclusion. Water loading of negative redox potential with hydrogen saturation in comparison with induced diuresis of negative redox potential without hydrogen saturation causes recovery of glomerular filtration rate, filtration fraction and proximal reabsorption of sodium ions, due to the lack of activation of the mechanism of basal vascular tone of the renal cortical substance, due to the high permeability of molecular hydrogen and uniform delivery of electrons to all organs and tissues.

Aim. To find out a pathophysiological protective role of influence of molecular hydrogen on a functional condition of a proximal tubule of kidneys at an irritable bowel syndrome.Materials and methods. 60 patients with irritable bowel syndrome were examined.Men -18, women -42 aged from 28 to 62 years. Of which: with irritable bowel syndrome with constipation were -28 patients, irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea -32. The control

Elucidate the dysregulatory mechanism of the effect of water load of negative redox potential in comparison with induced diuresis with ordinary tap water on the functional state of the kidneys.Material and methods. The experiments were carried out on 40 male white nonlinear rats weighing 0.16-0.18 kg with the analysis of the effect of water loading with a negative redox potential on renal function, which was obtained by treating tap water with microhydrin. The redox potential of water and urine was determined with an ORP meter. From the indicators of renal function studied: protein excretion, glomerular filtration, filtration fraction of sodium ions, its absolute and proximal reabsorption. Statistical processing of the data obtained, including multivariate regression analysis, was carried out using the Statgrafics, Statistica, and Excel 2003 programs.Results. Comparative multivariate analysis of the effect of water loading of negative redox potential in comparison with induced diuresis with ordinary tap water revealed an ambiguous nature of reliable correlations (p <0.05) between the studied indicators of renal function and the redox potential of urine, which is due to the simultaneous presence of both protective mechanisms of negative redox potential influence (improvement of energy supply, antioxidant effect), and damaging (transient renal ischemia due to activation of the basal tone mechanism due to an increase in the contractile function of the heart as a result of improving its energy supply), the final result will depend on the dominance of classical or dysregulation mechanisms in this particular situation. Conclusion. The dysregulation mechanism of the effect of water of negative redox potential on renal function is due to the initial mobilization of defense reactions with improved contractile function of the heart, which is subsequently transformed into an injury response due to increased basal renal vascular tone with the development of transient ischemia and renal dysfunction, decrease оf glomerular filtration, filtration fraction of sodium ions, its absolute and proximal reabsorption and development of proteinuria.