To avoid carcinogenicity, formaldehyde
gas, currently being only
detected at higher operating temperatures, should be selectively detected
in time with ppb concentration sensitivity in a room-temperature indoor
environment. This is achieved in this work through introducing oxygen
vacancies and Pt clusters on the surface of In2O3 to reduce the optimal operating temperature from 120 to 40 °C.
Previous studies have shown that only water participates in the competitive
adsorption on the sensor surface. Here, we experimentally confirm
that the adsorbed water on the fabricated sensor surface is consumed
via a chemical reaction due to the strong interaction between the
oxygen vacancies and Pt clusters. Therefore, the long-term stability
of formaldehyde gas detection is improved. The results of theoretical
calculations in this work reveal that the excellent formaldehyde gas
detection of Pt/In2O3–x
originates from the electron enrichment due to the surface oxygen
vacancies and the molecular adsorption and activation ability of Pt
clusters on the surface. The developed Pt/In2O3–x
sensor has potential use in the ultraefficient,
low-temperature, highly sensitive, and stable detection of indoor
formaldehyde at an operating temperature as low as room temperature.
This paper proposes a novel technique for fabricating micro patterns of glutaraldehyde (GA)-crosslinked gelatin. It provides another means to crosslink gelatin other than using photo-sensitizing agents, and the micro patterns of GA-crosslinked gelatin can still be made successfully by accessing conventional photolithography. A much less toxic and increased biocompatible approach to strengthening the gelatin microstructures can be developed according to this idea. This paper also describes a potential methodology for using GA-crosslinked gelatin patterns as single-cell culture bases. The best spatial resolution of the micro gelatin bases can reach 10 microm, and the selective growing density of human Mesenchymal stem cells on the gelatin patterns surpasses the density on the glass substrate by 2-3 orders of magnitude.
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