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Despite the considerable research to investigate the influence of organizational injustice on employees' counterproductive work behaviors (CWB), relatively little attention has been paid to the role of moral identity. In the present study, we posit that people's moral identity serves as a buffering factor between organizational injustice and CWB among Chinese public servants. Consistent with the hypotheses, survey results showed that organizational justice and moral identity interacted to influence Chinese public servants' CWB. Specifically, when the moral identity of Chinese public servants was low, the negative correlation between organizational justice and CWB was more pronounced. Theoretical implications to the moral identity and organizational injustice literature are discussed, as well as the practical implications and suggestions for future research.

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S U M M A R Y In full waveform inversion (FWI) with the least-squares (L2) norm, the direct amplitude matching is never perfect and the accurate estimation of the seismic source strength is not always available. In contrast, the normalized zero-lag cross-correlation objective function relaxes on the amplitude constraints and emphasizes the phase information when measuring the closeness between the simulated and observed data. This FWI method becomes insensitive to differences in amplitude. Based on this property, we investigate the effectiveness and robustness of FWI with the normalized zero-lag cross-correlation function (CFWI) against the noise and unpredictable amplitude of the data that cannot be modelled by the wavefield extrapolation operator. The effectiveness is firstly tested by noise-free data and data contaminated by Gaussian white noise. In addition, CFWI can invert the data set with incorrect source strength when compared with the L2 norm. Moreover, the data set with incorrect source signature illustrates that CFWI is slightly more insensitive to the error in source signature than the L2 norm. However, a source inversion is still needed when the source signature is severely erroneous. With non-Gaussian noise data, such as contaminated by strong ground motion noise and even by spike-type noise, CFWI provides a comparable result with that of the robust Huber norm. Numerical experiments with non-Gaussian noise also indicate that CFWI can suppress noise in data to produce clearer images when compared with the Huber norm. Besides, CFWI is free of the threshold criterion that controls the transition between the L2 and L1 norms used with the Huber and Hybrid norms and therefore free from tedious trial-and-error tests. Several numerical examples support that CFWI is an alternative and reliable inversion method. However, a numerical test with a 1-D initial model confirms that CFWI is more sensitive to the cycle-skipping problem caused by less-accurate initial velocity model than the L2 norm, which is due to the wrong matched events contributing to spurious local minima of the objective function of CFWI, but to an increase in the objective function used with the L2 norm.

The Bayesian methodology is widely used for inversion analysis and uncertainty analysis. In this work, we focus on the joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersion. Based on unscented Kalman methodology, we present a novel joint inversion framework(Innocent unscented Kalman Inversion,IUKI), which assumes the thickness and S-wave velocity at every artificial layer are both Gaussian random variables and can adaptively adjust their means and variances until convergence. This approach is derivativefree and can efficiently provide uncertainty estimations of models with noisy data. Furthermore, our method can also be easily extended as a generalized joint inversion framework of multimodal geophysical data. With comprehensive experiments, the proposed framework demonstrates superior performance in terms of accuracy and stability.

Determining high‐resolution three‐dimensional (3‐D) crustal structures of the Qinling Orogenic Belt (QOB) can reveal significant evidences to enhance our understanding of its tectonic evolution. By jointly inverting group and phase velocity dispersion curves, we obtain a high‐resolution 3‐D shear wave velocity model for the QOB. According to the obviously layered features, which include an E‐W trending high‐velocity structure in the upper crust (0–10 km), a transitional zone in the middle crust (10–30 km), and an approximately N‐S trending low‐velocity zone in the middle‐lower crust (20–40 km), we elucidate the crustal structure as a flyover model to explain how the crust beneath the QOB was deformed under the perpendicular force systems from the NE‐SW and E‐W directions during the Meso‐Cenozoic. First, the apparent NE‐SW trending low‐velocity zone in the middle‐lower crust indicates that the low‐viscosity crustal materials beneath the northeastern Tibetan Plateau did not flow eastward into the eastern Qinling terrane during the Cenozoic. Second, the extension in the northern Qinling Mountains and Weihe Basin was not largely affected by the lateral crustal growth of the NE Tibetan Plateau, which might be the result of deep mantle upwelling and/or residual effects from the subduction of the western Pacific plate. Third, during the Mesozoic, the high‐velocity structures beneath the Hannan‐Micang and Shennongjia‐Huangling domes served as anchors resisting the northward subduction, rotation, and continuous collision of the Yangtze Block. The eastward extruding Hannan‐Micang dome served as an indenter that eventually shaped the present‐day asymmetric style of the Dabashan Orocline during the Cenozoic.

The computational accuracy and efficiency of finite element method and spectral element method (SEM) are investigated thoroughly in time-domain elastic wavefield modeling. The diagonal mass matrices of the FEM and SEM free from matrix inversion are compared comprehensively by making full use of the mass-lumped technique and quadrature rules. We investigate the FEM and SEM based, respectively, on quadrilateral with the polynomials of degrees one and two, and on triangular grids with the polynomials of degrees one and three. Generally, the numerical solutions based on quadrilateral grids have a higher precision than those computed on triangular grids when the same order of polynomials is used. The FEM has a comparable accuracy to the SEM with the same number of interpolant points. In view of the triangular and quadrilateral SEMs, the former suffers from larger computational costs and relatively lower accuracy compared with the latter. Furthermore, the convergence study proves that the triangular SEM produces consistently larger errors than the quadrilateral SEM for any order and element sizes. However, the triangular SEM can adapt to arbitrary complex geometries effectively. In terms of efficiency, the FEM has an efficiency comparable with the SEM on condition that the order of interpolation polynomials is identical. In addition, a perfectly matched layer (PML) boundary condition in variational form is deduced. By introducing four intermediate variables in frequency domain, the PML avoids convolution calculation and obtains an exact solution through inverse Fourier transform in time domain. The numerical examples verify the validity and effectiveness of the PML.