We have reported the enhanced field emission properties of quasialigned 3C-SiC nanowires synthesized via catalyst assisted pyrolysis of polysilazane. The as-synthesized Al-doped SiC nanowires possess a tapered and bamboo-like structure with clear and tiny tips sized in several to tens of nanometers. The fabricated SiC nanowires have extremely low turn-on fields of 0.55−1.54 V μm−1 with an average of ∼1 V μm−1, which is the lowest one ever reported for any type of SiC emitters. The field-enhancement factor has been calculated to be 2983. The superior FE properties can be clearly attributed to the significant enhancements of the tapered and bamboo-like unique morphology and Al doping of SiC nanowires. Density functional theory calculations suggest that Al dopants in 3C-SiC nanowires could favor a more localized state near the Fermi energy, which improves the electron field emissions. We strongly believe that the present work will open a new insight in the fabrication of field emission sources with ultralow turn-on fields enhanced by both shape and doping.

Goldfish have been subjected to over 1,000 y of intensive domestication and selective breeding. In this report, we describe a high-quality goldfish genome (2n = 100), anchoring 95.75% of contigs into 50 pseudochromosomes. Comparative genomics enabled us to disentangle the two subgenomes that resulted from an ancient hybridization event. Resequencing 185 representative goldfish variants and 16 wild crucian carp revealed the origin of goldfish and identified genomic regions that have been shaped by selective sweeps linked to its domestication. Our comprehensive collection of goldfish varieties enabled us to associate genetic variations with a number of well-known anatomical features, including features that distinguish traditional goldfish clades. Additionally, we identified a tyrosine-protein kinase receptor as a candidate causal gene for the first well-known case of Mendelian inheritance in goldfish—the transparent mutant. The goldfish genome and diversity data offer unique resources to make goldfish a promising model for functional genomics, as well as domestication.

The current trend with integrated energy-storage units in portable electronics lies in continuous advancements in nanostructured materials, thin-film manufacture technologies, and device architectures with enhanced functionality and reliability of existing components. Despite this, it is still challenging to provide cost-efficient solution to further improve the energy and power densities and cyclability of supercapacitors (SCs), especially at ultrafast rates while maintaining their environmentally friendly and even well-run at arbitrary harsh environments character. In this contribution, we report the fabrication of quasi-aligned single crystalline 3C-SiC nanowire (3C-SiCNW) array with tailored shapes and nitrogen-doping (N-doping). The resultant large-scale SiCNWs were directly grown on the surface of a flexible carbon fabric via a simple chemical vapor deposition method. We found that the SC performance of SiCNW arrays can be substantially enhanced by nitrogen doping, which could favor a more localized impurity state near the conduction band edge that greatly improves the quantum capacitance and hence increases the bulk capacitance and the high-power capability. The measured areal capacitances are higher with values of 4.8 and 4.7 mF cm(-2), in aqueous and gel electrolytes, respectively. The all-solid-state flexible textile-based SCs (TSCs) made with these electrodes are mechanically robust under bent and twisted states. Further, they show a power density of 72.3 mW cm(-2) that is higher than that of electrolytic capacitors, and an energy density of 1.2 × 10(-4) mW·h cm(-2), in association with superior rate ability, cyclability, and being environmentally friendly. Such SiCNW-TSC devices allow for operations at ultrahigh rate up to 30 V s(-1), 2 orders of magnitude higher than that of conventional supercapacitors. All these data are comparable to the reported results for 1D nanostructure-based carbon nanotubes (CNTs) or graphenes, thus showing the promising application as large-area flexible textile electronics.