Background: Accurate knowledge of the mainstem bronchial lengths is essential in order to prevent malpositioning of the double lumen endobronchial tubes (DLT). It is believed that the lengths of the left and right mainstem bronchi measured by CT are more accurate than those measured using a fiberoptic bronchoscope. This study evaluated the length of the mainstem bronchus using a CT scan in Korean adults.Methods: One hundred twenty patients who underwent a chest CT scan without any anatomical changes due to a mass or inflammation were examined. Airway imaging with a minimum intensity projection of the oblique coronal section using multidetector CT was obtained and the lengths of the left and right mainstem bronchi were measured.Results: The lengths of the left mainstem bronchus of the males and females were 49.2 ± 4.8 mm and 44.6 ± 3.9 mm respectively, and the right mainstem bronchus of the males and females were 21.0 ± 4.8 mm and 18.0 ± 4.0 mm, respectively. There was no linear correlation between the height of the patients and the length of the left and right mainstem bronchi.Conclusions: These results provide reference data to help determine the precise margin of safety using a double lumen endobronchial tube for thoracic surgery.
Benign hypervascular hyperplastic nodules (HHN) in liver cirrhosis are very rare. It is important to distinguish between regenerative nodules (hyperplastic nodules) and tumorous nodules (dysplastic or neoplastic nodules) in hepatocellular nodular lesions. The differential diagnosis between HHN and hepatocellular carcinoma on the basis of radiologic imaging is often difficult, and is clinically important when determining the therapeutic plan. Therefore, histological confirmation by needle biopsy sampling of the liver is necessary for a correct diagnosis of HHN. We report herein a case of benign HHN mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma in a 32-year-old male alcoholic liver cirrhosis patient without viral hepatitis infection.
Purpose: To evaluate the MR imaging findings of intraosseous lipoma. Materials and Methods: The MR imaging findings of 12 cases of intraosseous lipoma were retrospectively analyzed with regard to internal signal intensity, enhancement patterns, the presence of calcification and the status of the margin. The findings relating to these last two features were compared with those of plain films and CT. Results: Six tumors were located in the calcaneus, three in the tibia, two in the ilium, and one in the carpal lunate. A fat component was clearly identified in all cases, but no lesion was purely fatty. Cyst formation was noted in four cases, and hyperintense portions different from the cystic area were seen on T2WI in ten. Contrast enhancement was observed in four patients, and although plain film and CT images revealed, in all cases, the presence of calcification, in two cases this was not demonstrated by MRI. In all cases, however, MRI showed well-defined tumoral margins. Conclusion: MRI clearly depicts fat and other components related to the involutional changes occurring in cases of intraosseous lipoma. The information these images provide is useful for the diagnosis and histologic classification of intraosseous lipoma.
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