Background:The postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) rate for duct-to-mucosa and invagination anastomosis after pancreatoduodenectomy is still debated. The aim of this RCT was to investigate the POPF rate for duct-to-mucosa versus invagination pancreaticojejunostomy.Methods: Patients were stratified by pancreatic texture and diameter of the main pancreatic duct and randomized to the duct-to-mucosa or invagination group. The primary endpoint was the rate of clinically relevant POPF (defined as grade B or C). Secondary endpoints were suture material cost for pancreaticojejunostomy, drain insertion duration and duration of postoperative hospital stay.Results: Some 120 patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy were included following consent. Clinically relevant POPF developed in six of 59 patients (10 per cent) in the invagination group and in 14 of 61 patients (23 per cent) in the duct-to-mucosa group (P = 0⋅077). Duration of drain insertion (6 versus 7 days respectively; P = 0⋅027) and postoperative hospital stay (19 versus 24 days; P = 0⋅015) were shorter in the invagination group. Subgroup analysis for 61 patients with a soft pancreas revealed a lower rate of clinically relevant POPF in the invagination group (10 per cent versus 42 per cent in the duct-to-mucosa group; P = 0⋅010). Among 20 patients with a clinically relevant POPF, the six patients in the invagination group had a shorter duration of drain insertion (38⋅5 days versus 49 days for 14 patients in the duct-to-mucosa group; P = 0⋅028) and postoperative hospital stay (42 versus 54⋅5 days respectively; P = 0⋅028). Conclusion:This study did not demonstrate a superiority of invagination over duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy in the risk of POPF. However, in high-risk patients with a soft pancreas, invagination may reduce the risk of clinically relevant POPF compared with duct-to-mucosa. Registration number: UMIN000005890 (http://www.umin.ac.jp).

MDCT is useful in assessing cancer invasion of the portal vein bifurcation by perihilar cholangiocarcinoma.

No abstract

This nomogram for predicting the probability of carcinoma in patients with IPMN was accurate in an external validation patient cohort.

The incidence of HJ stenosis was 8.0%. Close attention would be needed especially for patients at high risk of HJ stenosis, such as high BMI or absence of preoperative biliary stenting.

Although the cause of the difference between the hyperattenuated and hypoattenuated cholangiocarcinoma still is unclear, MDCT can be an alternative to direct cholangiography in selected patients with hyperattenuated cholangiocarcinoma.

Resection of pulmonary colorectal metastases may increase survival. However, the combination of liver and lung metastasectomies had a worse prognosis than pulmonary metastasectomy alone. In selected patients, combined liver and lung metastasectomy can be beneficial and result in acceptable DFS.

The nomogram has high diagnostic predictability for carcinoma in patients with IPMN and for individual cancer probability. This instrument may help to identify patients who need a surgical procedure.