ABSTRAK Kondisi riwayat ASI di Indonesia saat ini cukup memprihatinkan. Rendahnya pemberian ASI secara Eksklusif dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, yakni ketidaktahuan ibu tentang pentingnya ASI, cara menyusui dengan benar, serta pemasaran susu formula. Pola asuh pada tahun pertama kehidupan sangatlah penting untuk perkembangan anak. Pola asuh balita yang kurang baik di Indonesia salah satunya ditunjukkan dengan masih rendahnya dukungan ibu dalam memonitor pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan riwayat pemberian ASI dan pola asuh terhadap kejadian gizi kurang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Kecamatan Wongsorejo, kabupaten Banyuwangi Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan rancangan kasus kontrol. Variabel dependen gizi kurang dan variabel independen riwayat pemberian ASI dan pola asuh Ibu. Jumlah subjek sebanyak 174 balita yang diambil secara Fixed Disease Sampling, melalui wawancara langsung dan observasi. Analisis bivariate menggunakan uji C-Square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan uji regresi logistic biner. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar riwayat pemberian ASI pada balita adalah ASI eksklusif pada kasus (83.9%) dan kontrol (97.7%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa riwayat pemberian ASI (OR=0.123; p<0.05), pola asuh pemberian makan (p<0.05) dan pola asuh kesehatan (p<0.05) berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kejadian gizi kurang. Terdapat hubungan antara riwayat pemberian ASI dan pola asuh ibu dengan kejadian gizi kurang. Kata Kunci: pola asuh ibu, pola pemberian makan, riwayat ASI. ABSTRACT The current history of breast milk in Indonesia was quite alarming. The lack of exclusive breastfeeding was influenced by several factors, namely mother’s ignorance about the importance of breastfeeding, how to breastfeed properly, and the marketing of formula milk. The pattern of care in the first year of life was very important for the development of children. Poor toddler pattern in Indonesia was one of them shown by the low support of mother in monitoring growth and development of children under five. This study aimed to analyze association of breastfeeding history and parenting mother to the incidence of malnutrition and was conducted in Wongsorejo, Banyuwangi, East java. This study used the quantitative case-control design. Dependent variable in this study was malnutrition and independent variable were history of breastfeeding and parenting mother. The number of samples were 174 under five children taken by a Fixed Disease Sampling. The data was gained through in-depth interview and observation.History of Breast Feeding and Parenting Mother was taken by interview and used a quesstionarry. Bivariate analysis used chi-square analysis and multivariate analysis used binarry regression. Most of the breastfeeding history among under five children was exclusive breastfeeding with case (83.9%) and control (97.7%). Correlation analysis showed that history brestfeeding (OR=0.123; p<0.05), feeding practices of parenting mother (p<0.05) and health parenting mother (p<0.05) were related positively to malnutrition. There is a relationship of breastfeeding history and parenting mother to malnutrition among under five children. Keywords: Family’s Economic Level; Food Intake; mild psychomotor Development; Nutritional Status; Toddlers.
One of the characteristics of a developed nation is a nation that has a high level of health, intelligence and work productivity. These three things are strongly influenced by the state of nutrition. Nutritional problems in Indonesia are currently included in the triple burden of nutrition status. The prevalence of stunting under five in Indonesia is included in the chronic category, which is 30.8%. The direct cause of nutritional problems in toddlers is due to an unbalanced diet. Balanced nutrition is a food composition from a variety of food ingredients that contain nutrients needed by the body, both in quality and quantity. One of the efforts to prevent nutritional problems in toddlers is to empower parents of toddlers through increasing the knowledge of mothers of toddlers. The role of the mother is very important for toddlers to fulfill balanced nutrition because the level of knowledge about nutrition will affect the food selection process and family eating behavior. Therefore, this community service program is to carry out balanced nutrition counseling activities that aim to increase the knowledge of mothers of toddlers about balanced nutrition to prevent nutritional problems in toddlers. The target of this activity is mothers of children under five at Posyandu Catleya 19. The implementation of this activity was attended by mothers of children under five at Posyandu Catleya 19, posyandu cadres, and coordinating midwives. Counseling on balanced nutrition begins with pretest activities, then continues with material presentation, discussion and question and answer, and then closes with posttest. In this activity, mothers of children under five are given a balanced nutrition module which contains material on balanced nutrition and recipes that can be applied in daily feeding of children under five. The results of the activity evaluation showed that 76.3% of mothers under five experienced an increase in knowledge after counseling.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the incurable non-communicable diseases characterized by an uncontrolled increase in blood sugar levels. Type 2 diabetes mellitus requires proper management to prevent complications. The basic part of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus is nutrition counselung, with nutrition counseling can help patients in making decisions such as dietary arrangements in accordance with 3J (amount, schedule and type) and managing blood sugar levels. The purpose of this study analyzed the effect of nutritional counselung on detary complience and blood sugar levels in type 2 DM patients in kebondalem health centers. This research method is quasi experimental designs with a non-equvalent control group research design. The large number of subjects in this study was 20 people counsiting of 10 control group people and 10 experimental group people with Purposive sampling technique. Static analysis of this study using the Wilcoxon Test and Mc Nemar Test. Result showed that there was no influence of nutritional counseling on dietary compliance seen froom 3J (amount, type and schedule) in the control group while in the experimental group it showed the influence of nutritional counseling on the amount of protein and the amount of carbohidrates, but there was no effect of nutritional counseling on the amount of energy, fat, schedule and type in the experimental group, as well as the effect of nutritional counseling on blood sugar levels in the control group did not significanty and in experimental groups significanty.
In 2013, there were 18 provinces whose coverage of early breastfeeding was below the national figure, one of which was East Java. Mother's knowledge from pregnancy to childbirth about IMD is very decisive for the success of exclusive breastfeeding and avoiding the baby from being malnourished. The counseling activity for early breastfeeding initiation at Posyandu Catleya 19 was attended by 22 prospective mothers, 7 pregnant women and 6 breastfeeding mothers. Participants were given a pretest to determine the level of knowledge about early breastfeeding initiation. The activity continued with the presentation of material about early breastfeeding initiation to participants. The community service team also provided modules to participants in easy-to-understand language, followed by discussion and question and answer sessions. The topics that were used as questions by the participants were related to family support in breastfeeding, the fear of pregnant women about breast milk that did not come out when giving birth to a baby and equalizing perceptions regarding the importance of breastfeeding for babies starting with early initiation of breastfeeding for newborns. Based on the evaluation results, there were 20 prospective mothers, 7 pregnant women and 4 breastfeeding mothers with a post test score higher than the pretest score or a total of 88.57%. This shows that there is an increase in knowledge about the importance of early breastfeeding initiation for the success of exclusive breastfeeding to infants.
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