The synthesis of chalcone derivatives as target compounds and anticancer test against breast (T47D) and colon (WiDr) cell line had been performed. The synthesis was performed by Claisen-Schmidt condensation by using acetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives. The anticancer activity test of chalcone derivatives was carried out by MTT assay against T47D and WiDr cell lines. The synthesis was started by reacting 4-hydroxyacetophenone and benzaldehyde derivatives such as p-anisaldehyde (chalcone A [(E)-4'-hydroxy-4-methoxychalcone]), veratraldehyde (chalcone B [(E)-4'-hydroxy-3,4-dimethoxychalcone]), 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (chalcone C [(E)-4'-hydroxy-4-chlorochalcone]) and 2,4-dihydroxyacetophenone with 4-chlorobenzaldehyde (chalcone D [(E)-2',4'-dihydroxy-4-chlorochalcone]) in methanol as solvent. The synthesis was carried out in alkaline condition (KOH) by stirring the mixture at room temperature for 48 h. The structures of products were identified by FTIR, GC-MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR spectrometers. The results showed that the chalcone derivatives (A-D) were yielded in 96; 97; 96; and 93%, respectively as yellow solid. The anticancer test indicated that the chalcone D was the most active towards T47D cell line with IC50 of 42.66 μg/mL and the chalcone C was the most active against WiDr cell line with IC50 of 20.42 μg/mL.
Global Bakery is a food company engaged in bread production that is having difficulty determining how much bread will be produced in the event of a pandemic. This study aims to help predict the amount of bread that will be produced during a pandemic. With the benefit of making it easier for companies to determine the amount of bread to be produced. Data obtained from Global Bakery and the official website of Covid-19 Bekasi Regency from March 20, 2020 to April 20, 2020. The author uses the Fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno method to predict the amount of bread that must be produced by Global Bakery during a pandemic with the following stages: fuzzification, rule formation, calculating ɑ-predicate and zi value, then calculating defuzification. Then an evaluation is carried out using the Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). This study uses Matlab's GUI tools in implementing the Predictor program. The Fuzzy Takagi-Sugeno method is able to predict the amount of bread production at Global Bakery with optimal results, where if the sales are 180 pieces, the remaining sales are 289, and the number of positive cases of Covid-19 is 6 people with the actual production number of 469 pieces, then The prediction results obtained were 347 units. The results of the calculations that have been done obtained the results of accuracy with a good category, namely with a MAPE value of 18.6%.
The limitations of teaching materials in the implementation of distance learning coupled with students’ low problem-solving ability led to the need to develop teaching materials in the form of guided inquiry to improve students’ ability to solve problems. This development research aims to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of the Guided Inquiry Lesson Based on Ethnoscience (GILBE) e-module. This development research employs the Research and Development (RD) approach with a 4D development model, meaning define, design, develop, and disseminate. GILBE e-module on colloid material was piloted on 16 students SMA at Central Kalimantan in the limited trial and 30 students SMA at South Kalimantan in the broad trial. The validity test was measured using a validation sheet. The practicality test was measured using a readability questionnaire, student and teacher responses, and the effectiveness test was measured using a problem-solving ability test instrument in the form of ten essay questions. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings revealed that the designed e-module matched valid, practical, and effective. The effectiveness is based on the p-value 0.05 in the limited and broad trial of the N-gain of students’ problem-solving abilities in the high category and can be used in the chemistry learning process. Further research will develop teaching materials for higher-order thinking that apply the GILBE model, which is of higher quality.
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