Kitchen waste containing a large number of nutrients such as carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and minerals can be used as fermentation substrates for producing probiotics, and then can be taken as microbial feed to cultivate rotifer. This approach not only emphasizes resource utilization
of kitchen waste but also improves the growth and propagation of rotifer. In this study, kitchen wastewater and solid waste were used as fermentation substrates, respectively, while yeast, lactic acid bacteria, compound bacteria (yeast + lactic acid bacteria), and effective microorganisms
(EM) bacteria were inoculated to harvest the microbial feed for the cultivation of rotifer. The population density, eggholding rate, body length, and the egg volume of rotifer were determined. These results indicate that the growth and propagation of rotifer were effectively improved by using
kitchen wastewater or solid waste as fermentation substrates. When compared with the direct usage of kitchen waste for rotifer cultivation, the effect of kitchen waste fermented by probiotics on rotifer was more obvious, such as in the population density, egg-holding rate, body length, and
egg volume, in the following sequence EM bacterial group > yeast group > compound bacterial group > lactic acid bacterial group ^ control group. Hence, EM bacteria can be considered as the best one for kitchen waste fermentation to prepare microbial feed for rotifer. It is thus feasible
to use probiotic fermented kitchen waste to cultivate rotifer.
The mycelium biofloc bioaugmented by Cordyceps strain C058 effectively purifies water, which may be related to the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances. To verify this conjecture, we analyzed the changes in extracellular polymer substances content in the mycelium biofloc under various hydraulic retention times (36 h, 18 h, and 11 h). The microstructure and microflora composition were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and high-throughput sequencing. The ordinary biofloc without bioaugmentation was taken as a control. The results showed that under the above hydraulic retention time, the extracellular polymer substances contents of the mycelium biofloc were 51.20, 55.89, and 33.84 mg/g, respectively, higher than that of the ordinary biofloc (14.58, 15.72, and 18.19 mg/g). The protein content or the polysaccharide content also followed the same trend. Meanwhile, the sedimentation performance of the mycelium biofloc was better than that of the ordinary biofloc, attributed to the content of the extracellular polymer substances. It is worth noting that C058 is the main biofloc content, which promotes the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances in the mycelium biofloc. Other functional microorganisms in the mycelium biofloc were Janthinobacterium, Phormidium, Leptolyngbya, Hymenobacter, and Spirotrichea, which also promote the synthesis of extracellular polymer substances.
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