Food poisoning cases, due to consumption of food from animal sources that contains clenbuterol, have occurred frequently in China over the recent years, causing a certain degree of social panic. Several relevant ministries issued related documentation and took appropriate measures to crack down on the behaviour of illegal manufacture, sale, and use of clenbuterol. However, this behaviour continued due to great economic benefi ts and ethical problems. This paper investigates the industrial chain of production and sale of clenbuterol in China. Moreover, we discuss the impediments of and the governmental countermeasures being implemented in supervising the use of clenbuterol in China. The positive example in monitoring the use of clenbuterol in China may help to improve food safety management throughout China and other developing countries.
With the continuous expansion of the global dairy trade market, the quality and safety of the Chinese dairy market have a wide and far-reaching impact on the world. Based on the development of the dairy scandal in the past few years in China, this study illustrates the serious damage of melamine on human health and the negative impact on the dairy industry in China.
This study shows that the lack of effective government regulations is a key reason for dairy market failure. Consumers are lacking confidence in the quality of Chinese dairy products and the government's market regulations. The Chinese dairy market will continue to rely on imported dairy products. By analyzing the typical cases of the dairy market in China, this study aims to provide a guide for dairy industries in other countries.
In the new era, the ideological and political education in higher vocational colleges has ushered in new opportunities and challenges. Doing a good job in ideological and political education is the need to implement the fundamental task of cultivating morality and talents, is the realistic need to improve students' professional quality, and is the urgent need to realize the training of higher vocational skills. Based on the problems existing in the daily ideological and political education of higher vocational colleges in the new era, the college students' daily ideological and political education content structure can be optimized through measures such as strengthening the ideological and political lead, strengthening the team construction, enriching education carrier, connecting the entire process with each other, improving governance capabilities, and promoting innovation and development, effectively improving the effectiveness of daily ideological and political education in vocational colleges.
This paper examines a two-period dynamic contracting in a supply chain under information asymmetry, where a supplier sells a product to a retailer via a trade credit contract. It is found that the retailer always prefers to conceal her actual cost information thus signal as a higher-cost type in the first period to pursue a higher information rent, which would decrease the supplier’s profit and thereby the overall profit of the supply chain. To mitigate this ratchet effect, we introduce a reputation compensation mechanism in the two-period trade credit setting. This mechanism could alleviate the information asymmetry to a certain extent as there exists a threshold that incentivizes the retailer to share her true cost information in the earlier period. Moreover, the retailer might claim as a lower-cost type when the supplier offers a relatively higher reputation compensation to take full advantage of her information. Therefore, the supplier should provide trade credit with a reasonable reputation compensation in a two-period setting to enhance his expected profit.
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