In this article, we presented a general protocol to prepare biomolecule-immobilized mussel-inspired polydopamine (PDA) coatings to improve the blood compatibility of broad ranges of material surfaces. It needs only a simple immersion of substrates in dopamine solution at alkaline pH to form mussel-inspired PDA coating, and then immersing the PDA coated substrates into biomolecule solution to conjugate biomolecules. XPS, water contact angle analysis, and protein assay confirmed that biomolecules could be successfully coated on several material surfaces, including nylon, cellulose, and polyethersulfone membrane surfaces. For the protein fouling resistance, the bovine serum albumin (BSA) modified surfaces were more effective than the amino acid modified surfaces. And the platelet adhesion on the BSA-modified material surfaces was obviously depressed. These results indicated that the blood compatibility of the surfaces was improved by the biomacromolecule-immobilized mussel-inspired coating which might be considered as a universal coating to modify a wide variety of materials.

Blending multidonor or multiacceptor organic materials as ternary devices has been recognized as an efficient and potential method to improve the power conversion efficiency of bulk heterojunction devices or single‐junction components in tandem design. In this work, a highly crystalline molecule, DRCN5T, is involved into a PTB7‐Th:PC 70 BM system to fabricate large‐area organic solar cells (OSCs) whose blend film thickness is up to 270 nm, achieving an impressive performance of 11.1%. The significant improvement of OSCs after adding DRCN5T is due to the formation of an interconnected fibrous network with decreased π–π stacking and enhanced domain purity, in addition to the optimized vertical distribution of PTB7‐Th and PC 70 BM, producing more effective charge separation, transport, and collection. The optimized morphology and performance are actually determined by the miscibility in different components, which can be quantitatively described by the Flory–Huggins interaction parameter of −0.80 and 2.94 in DRCN5T:PTB7‐Th and DRCN5T:PC 70 BM blends, respectively. The findings in this work can potentially guide the selection of an appropriate third additive for high‐performance OSCs for the sake of large‐area printing and roll‐to‐roll fabrication from the view of miscibility.

The present paper describes protective effects of supplemental selenium in mice infected with influenza virus. The effects of supplemental selenium on serum selenium levels, mortality, lung virus titers, and cytokine titers were investigated in mice inoculated intranasally with suspensions of influenza virus. Whereas the mortality of the virus-infected Se-deficient mice was 75%, along with a marked reduction in body weight, lower levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ and lower serum selenium concentrations, the mortality of mice maintained on feed containing 0.5 mg Se/kg in the form of sodium selenite was 25%.There were no significantly differences, however, in viral titer between the Se-adequate and the selenium-supplemented groups. The data indicate that selenium supplementation may provide a feasible approach to improving the immune response to viral infections, such as lethal influenza infection.

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How the interaction between a third component and a donor/acceptor affects the crystallization and phase separation of the active layer remains to be explored from the perspective of miscibility. To demonstrate the miscibility matching in nonfullerene-based ternary organic solar cells, the poly­[(4,4′-bis­(2-butyloctoxycarbonyl-[2,2′-bithiophene]-5,5-diyl)-alt-(2,2′-bithiophene-5,5′-diyl)] (PDCBT) and poly­(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT), showing similar chemical structures despite their dissimilar side chains, were selected as third components to incorporate into the poly­[(2,6-(4,8-bis­(5-(2-ethylhexyl)­thiophen-2-yl)-benzo­[1,2-b:4,5-b′]­dithiophene))-alt-(5,5-(1′,3′-di-2-thienyl-5′,7′-bis­(2-ethylhexyl)­benzo­[1′,2′-c:4′,5′-c′]­dithiophene-4,8-dione))]:3,9-bis­(2-methylene-(3-(1,1-dicyanomethylene)-indanone)-5,5,11,11-tetrakis­(4-hexylphenyl)-dithieno­[2,3-d:2′,3′-d′]-s-indaceno­[1,2-b:5,6-b′]­dithiophene (PBDB-T:ITIC) system. On the basis of the melting point depression method, the Flory–Huggins interaction parameters for PDCBT:PBDB-T(1:9) and P3HT:PBDB-T(1:9) blends were calculated to be −0.08 and −0.07, respectively, whereas the values are 0.99, 0.66, and 0.41 for PDCBT:ITIC, PBDB-T:ITIC, and P3HT:ITIC blends, respectively. PDCBT and P3HT tend to form bimolecular crystals with PBDB-T, as revealed by grazing incidence wide-angle X-ray scattering (GIWAXS). The more evident phase separation induced by poor miscibility between PDCBT and ITIC in addition to bimolecular crystallization between PDCBT and PBDB-T contributes to the obvious enhancement in power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 9.40% to 10.97%. Unfortunately, the miscibility mismatch and the change in charge transport upon the incorporation of P3HT into PBDB-T:ITIC results in the nonuniform P3HT distribution and energy level alignment, leading to a serious reduction in the PCE value. Miscibility matching in the selection of an appropriate third component should be a reasonable way to guide the fabrication of high-performance ternary organic solar cells.