<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt; layout-grid-mode: char;" align="left"><span class="text"><span style="font-family: ">Logistics has grown dramatically, especially where identifying, locating, or tracking objects in ports are important, because ports are gateways to extended markets. In this paper, we analyze the new requirements of port logistics after a brief introduction and present a system prototype. Then we describe the design and implementation of an RFID system for IT-based port logistics. Our solutionnamed Logistics Information Technology electronic Tag (LITeTag) consists of three parts: a smart tag, a smart electronic container seal, and an RTLS system. These offer a complete range of port logistics services that cover the entire port environment. Also, our system design focuses on fourparts: 1) the standard compliance with the ISO, 2) conservation of energy to extend the live of the tags for as long as possible, 3) a high identification rate in the presence of multiple tags, and 4) the fastest possible tag response time. A performance evaluation of the system is also included inthe paper.</span></span></p>
RTLS (Real Time Locating Systems) are used to track the location of an object or person in real time. However, if there are many tags and readers, the conventional centralized RTLS server with a single location engine may fail to estimate the location of the tags. Furthermore, if the server does not receive a tag's signal due to pass loss or none line-ofsight (NLOS) from more than three readers, the server fails to estimate the location of the tag. In this paper, we propose a special reader that incorporates an RTLS location engine for distributed RTLS. Furthermore, we use a multidirectional antenna array, alleviating the multipath effect and allowing estimation of a tag's location using only two readers. To assess the performance of the system, we implement an entire RTLS system based on IEEE 802.15.4a. The experiment results show that the distributed RTLS enhances the location response time and reduces network confusion. Moreover, we can obtain the tag's location with only two readers using directional information.
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