Malocclusion is a common condition in the world's population but is not considered as a normal condition. A normal dentofacial development depends on the normal function of the muscles around the mouth, the balance between the muscles of the lips, cheeks from the outside of the dental arch and the inside of the tongue needs to be maintained. The imbalance of the three orofa-cial muscles will affect the development of dentofacial structures. Malocclusion occurs due to several factors including genetic factors and environmental factors. Prevention of malocclusion can be done in several ways, namely eliminating prolonged bad habits and improving nutrition during pregnancy. If malocclusion has occurred, treatment is carried out as early as possible so as not to aggravate the malocclusion.
Cancer is a chronic disease and is the third leading cause of death in children aged 1-14 years. About one third of cancer in child-ren is leukemia with an incidence of 9 cases per 100,000 population. Leukemia is a malignancy of blood cells originating from the bone marrow and can occur in children and adults. Early detection of oral lesions is very important for the prevention and treatment of complications that may arise during therapy, a better prognosis, lower morbidity and mortality for that disease. Oral manifestations of leukemia are gingival enlargement and spontaneous bleeding, oral ulceration, petechiae, hematoma and pale mucosa. Oral lesions occur in both acute and chronic forms of all types of leukemia and are more common in the acute stage. Dental care for patients with leukemia should be focused on preventing injury, local control of gingival bleeding by re-moving the biofilm, and prevention of oral infection. Oral hygiene by brushing teeth, use of fluoride, and a non-cariogenic diet should also be emphasized during treatment.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.