The recent discovery of natural biaxial hyperbolicity in van der Waals crystals, such as α-MoO3, has opened up new avenues for mid-IR nanophotonics due to their deep subwavelength phonon polaritons. However, a significant challenge is the lack of active tunability of these hyperbolic phonon polaritons. In this work, we investigate heterostructures of graphene and α-MoO3 for actively tunable hybrid plasmon phonon polariton modes via electrostatic gating in the mid-infrared spectral region. We observe a unique propagation direction dependent hybridization of graphene plasmon polaritons with hyperbolic phonon polaritons for experimentally feasible values of graphene chemical potential. We further report an application to tunable valley quantum interference in this system with a broad operational bandwidth due to the formation of these hybrid modes. This work presents a lithography-free alternative for actively tunable, anisotropic spontaneous emission enhancement using a sub-wavelength thick naturally biaxial hyperbolic material.

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The parameters influencing the band gap of tin sulphide thin nano-crystalline films have been investigated. Both grain size and lattice parameters are known to influence the band gap. The present study initially investigates each contribution individually. The experimentally determined dependency on lattice parameter is verified by theoretical calculations. We also suggest how to treat the variation of band gap as a two variable problem. The results allow us to show dependency of effective mass (reduced) on lattice unit volume.

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Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder involving infrequent, irregular or prolonged menstrual periods, caused often by excess male hormone (androgen) levels. The ovaries develop numerous small collections of fluid — called follicles — and may fail to regularly release eggs. PCOS is a complex disorder of uncertain etiology, having strong evidence that it is a genetic disease. This paper presents a case of PCOS treated successfully by Yoga Prana Vidya healing protocols. Method: This report uses case study method of investigating the case of a 22-year-old female diagnosed with having PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) during 2015. First symptoms were heavy menstrual flow accompanied by weakness. A Gynaecologist advised Ultrasound, full body test that revealed multiple cysts. The doctor prescribed steroids for treatment of this condition without any improvement, and instead deterioration was taking place. Her medical history before PCOS showed that she had sinusitis, low Iron count in blood and irregular periods. Results: The patient joined YPV from January 2017. She started taking healings from a senior YPV trainer from March, 2017, when she stopped taking medications. The senior YPV trainer helped the patient greatly through healings and constant nurturing. Slowly and gradually through healings, meditations, physical exercises, rhythmic breathing, forgiveness and learning lessons over the course of three years, the patient began to recover from march 2017 onwards. Conclusion: PCOS is one of the most important endocrine female disorders affecting in the reproductive age and may lead to serious complications, if not given due care and attention. Scientific studies are needed to determine the exact etiology of PCOS, and methods of proper management. Further research using YPV with appropriate number of samples of cases similar to this case is recommended to throw more light on treatment and normalization of this condition to give renewed life to patients in the society at large.

Tin Sulphide is a layered compound which retains its structure when deposited as thin films by thermal evaporation. The films were found to have oriented growth with the direction of orientation changing with film thickness. The film's morphology was found to change with orientation. The poor conductivity of the thicker samples made it difficult to make photocunductivity characterisation. However, unlike reported the thinner samples showed photo-sensitivity to be independent of film thickness and grain size with a high presistent photocurrent. With their absorption, photosensitivty, optimum band-gap and traps within the bandgap giving the charge carriers a longer life-time, thin samples of tin sulphide gives adequate scope designing efficient photovoltaics. The refractive index was modeled using Sellmeir's model, while most of the previous studies talk of Wemple-DiDomenico single oscillator model or Cauchy's dispersion relation. The Sellmeir's fitting parameters are reported which can be of use in ellipsometric studies.

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