Our results strongly suggest that laser hair removal after surgical interventions in pilonidal sinus disease decreases the risk of recurrence over the long term.
The recurrence of low-fluence 1064-nm QS-Nd:YAG laser rates in melasma was high when the long-term results were considered. This result may be attributed to certain patient and treatment-related factors.
The lifetime incidence of nail involvement in psoriatic patients is estimated to be 80–90%, and the nails can be affected in 10% to 55% of psoriatic patients. Psoriasis may also solely involve the nails, without any other skin findings, in which the treatment can be more challenging. Nail psoriasis may lead to considerable impairment in quality of life due to aesthetic concerns and more importantly limitations in daily activities resulting from the associated pain, which may be overlooked by the physicians. Several topical and systemic treatment modalities, as well as radiation and light systems, have been used in the treatment of nail psoriasis. In the last decade, the introduction of biologic agents and the utilization of laser systems have brought a new insight into the treatment of nail psoriasis. This paper focuses on the recent advances, as well as the conventional methods, in treating nail psoriasis in adults and children, in reference to an extensive literature search.
Granular parakeratosis (GP) is a benign disorder of keratinization presenting with unilateral or bilateral red to brown hyperkeratotic plaques and papules at the intertriginous areas. The first pediatric case of GP was reported in 2002, and only a few cases have been reported since. Although the exact etiology of GP is unknown, it is thought that certain environmental factors compromise the epidermal barrier and lead to proliferation and altered maturation of the epidermis in predisposed individuals. The histopathology is diagnostic and reveals parakeratosis together with retention of keratohyalin granules within a disproportionately thickened stratum corneum and usually the preservation of stratum granulosum. Herein we report seven cases of infantile GP, six of which also had atopic dermatitis. Cytologic examination confirmed our clinical diagnosis by demonstrating the retention of keratohyalin granules and preservation of the nuclei from the superficial scrapings of the lesions, which we propose as a novel diagnostic technique. In all seven cases the lesions developed after the overuse of topical products and resolved with avoidance of their excessive use. We propose that atopic skin may be more prone to develop GP because the epidermal barrier is disrupted, resulting in the enhanced transepidermal penetration of topical products. In conclusion, GP should be included in the differential diagnosis of diaper area eruptions, especially in atopic children. Cytologic examination of superficial scrapings of the lesions can easily confirm the diagnosis of GP.
In immunosuppressed patients, the higher frequency of the infiltrative subtype of BCC, particularly among chronic alcoholics, may have a predictive role in the management of these cases.
Verrucous carcinoma of the skin and mucosa is an uncommon clinicopathological variant of low grade squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we present three different clinical types of verrucous carcinoma. The first patient presented with an anogenital verrucous carcinoma, also known as Buschke-Loewenstein tumour. The second patient had verrucous carcinoma of the heel with endophytic growth (i.e. epithelioma cuniculatum) and the third patient had gluteal verrucous carcinoma with a cauliflower-like appearance. Clinically, the lesion of the first patient best resembled giant condyloma accuminatum without any prominent verrucous component, whereas the second patient showed a big deep ulcer on the heel. None of the patients had metastasis. The diagnosis was confirmed with biopsy and total excision was performed in all cases. Although the cases have different clinical presentations in different locations, we think that they should be considered as a single entity; that is, verrucous carcinoma.
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