This paper gives a review ofthe literature on driver inattention monitoring system for the purpose of active safe driving. In this paper driving inattention is classified into two categories: fatigue and distraction, while fatigue and distraction can also contain many types and levels. Individual difference on inattention phenomenon makes it more complicated to correctly detect and recognize driving inattention. Driver attention monitoring has been intensively researched in recent years and many approaches have been proposed, which include biological signal (EEG, ECG, EOG and sEMG) processing method, subjective report method, and behavior analysis method. This survey reviews a number of promising approaches and provides an overview of recent developments in this domain. The emphasis ofthis paper is to discuss the various methodologies to monitor driving inattention. We conclude with some thoughts about future directions.

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Although the responses of magnetic field and relativistic electrons to the southward turning of IMF are weaker than their responses to the dynamic pressure increase, the southward turning of IMF can cause significant dawn-dusk asymmetric perturbations that the magnetic field and relativistic electron fluxes increase on the dawnside (LT~00:00-12:00) but decrease on the duskside (LT~13:00-23:00) during the quiet times. Furthermore, the variation of relativistic electron fluxes is adiabatically controlled by the magnitude and elevation angle changes of magnetic field during the single IMF southward turnings. However, the variation of relativistic electron fluxes is independent of the change in magnetic field in some magnetospheric compression regions during the solar wind dynamic pressure enhancements (including the single pressure increases and the combined external perturbations), indicating that nonadiabatic dynamic processes of relativistic electrons occur there.

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