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Using both quantitative and qualitative data, this paper extends Joseph Nye's analytical framework on soft power to the China case, in order to provide a more balanced and updated analysis of the country's power status. We argue that the rise of China is not simply an expansion of hard power; it has also been accompanied by tremendous efforts to develop soft power. Soft power helps Beijing redraw geopolitical alliances in ways that will propel its rise as a global power. This process is nevertheless complicated by the deficiency of its soft power resources and the uneven progress in projecting the soft power abroad. The paper concludes that despite Beijing's growing ability to shape other people's worldview or political agenda, soft power remains Beijing's underbelly and China still has a long way to go to become a true global leader.

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to the Present, 292 JAMA 1474 (2004) (reviewing 3 historical eras of international approaches to controlling infectious diseases). In 1851, the first International Sanitary Conference was held in Paris and was attended by diplomats and physicians from 11 European countries, which set the stage for future international health diplomacy efforts. Id. at 1475.

Beginning in March 2014, West Africa has endured the largest outbreak of Ebola viral disease (EVD) in history. The crisis highlighted the role of China in addressing public health emergencies of international concern (PHEIC). Through bilateral and multilateral channels, China kicked off its largest ever humanitarian mission in addressing a PHEIC. The unprecedented generosity served the domestic needs to prevent EVD from spreading into China, but it was also consistent with China's foreign policy objective to pursue soft power in Africa. While its total funding to EVD control in West Africa was no match of top donors like the United States, it becomes much more impressive when adjusted for gross domestic product (GDP) per capita. As Beijing becomes more sensitive to disease outbreaks overseas and as the scope of its humanitarian engagement grows and diversifies, the space for China's cooperation with international actors over global health governance is expected to further expand.

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